Amiga Collections: The Best of Public Domain/Best of Public Domain, The Nr.38 (19xx)(Garfield, Andi)(DE).zip/Best of Public Domain, The Nr.38 (19xx)(Garfield, Andi)(DE).adf/docm

Text File | 1989-10-23 | 181KB | 3,968 lines

            DIGI-PAINT 3 MANUAL

             TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.........................................................1
    HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL.......................................2
CHAPTER 1:GETTING STARTED............................................3
    WHAT'S INCLUDED..............................................5
    HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS........................................5
    HARD DISK INSTALLATION.......................................5
CHAPTER 2:WHAT'S NEW.................................................7
    EFFECTS......................................................9
    DRAWING MODES................................................9
CHAPTER 3:GUIDED TOUR...............................................11
    DIGITAL PAINTING............................................13
    BASIC TERMINOLOGY...........................................13
    LOADING DIGI-PAINT 3........................................14
    DIGIPAINT 3 STRUCTURE.......................................15
    PAINTING....................................................16
    CLEARING THE CANVAS.........................................17
    THE PALETTE.................................................18
    LOADING A PICTURE...........................................18
    CREATING A CUSTOM BRUSH.....................................19
    TRANSPARENCY................................................19
    USING TEXT..................................................21
    THE TOUR ENDS...............................................21
CHAPTER 4:TUTORIALS.................................................23
    SPHERE......................................................25
    RANGE PAINTING..............................................28
    SHADOWS.....................................................30
    SIZING......................................................31
    REPEAT......................................................32
    RUB THRU....................................................33
    BACKGROUND..................................................34
    COLORIZING..................................................35
    MONTAGE.....................................................36
    PERSPECTIVE.................................................37
    TITLES......................................................38

                iii

CHAPTER 5:USING TRANSPARENCY........................................41
    CONTROLS....................................................43
        HOTSPOT TRANSPARENCY................................43
        HOTSPOT LOCATOR.....................................44
        NO HOTSPOT..........................................44
        POINT HOTSPOT.......................................45
        HORIZONTAL HOTSPOT..................................45
        VERTICAL HOTSPOT....................................46
        EDGE TRANSPARENCY...................................46
    "THE GALLERY"...............................................47
    TRANSPARENCY AND THE MODES..................................47
    EFFECTS.....................................................47
    INTERACTIVE TRANSPARENCY....................................48
CHAPTER 6:WARPING AND TEXTURE MAPPING...............................49
    WARP ENABLE.................................................51
    CONTROLS....................................................51
        WARP AMOUNT.........................................52
        WARP LOCATOR........................................52
        POINT WARPING.......................................52
        HORIZONTAL WARPING..................................53
        VERTICAL WARPING....................................53
    "THE GALLERY"...............................................54
    THE SHAPE TOOLS.............................................54
    SMOOTHING...................................................54
    TILING......................................................54
    SUGGESTIONS.................................................55
    INTERACTIVE TEXTURE MAPPING.................................55
CHAPTER 7:TIPS AND HINTS............................................57
    X-SPECS 3D COMPATIBILITY....................................59
    WORKING WITH DIGI-VIEW GOLD.................................59
    RESOLUTION MODES............................................59
    RAW FILES...................................................59
    NORMAL PICTURES TO OVERSCAN.................................60
    CURING FLICKER..............................................60
    ADVANCED PERSPECTIVE........................................60

                iv

    PERSPECTIVE FILL SCREEN.....................................60
    MAKING NON-INTERLACED PICTURES
        INTERLACED..........................................60
    LARGE TILES.................................................60
    MULTIPLE COLOR RANGES.......................................60
    REVERSE RANGE TEXT..........................................61
    MISCELLANEOUS TIPS..........................................61
CHAPTER 8:REFERENCE.................................................63
    SPECIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE MOUSE BUTTONS......................65
    TOOLBOX.....................................................65
    THE COLOR STRIP.............................................66
        16 COLOR PALETTE....................................66
        CURRENT COLOR BAR...................................66
        RANGE COLORS........................................67
    TOOLS.......................................................67
        FREEHAND............................................68
        FREEHAND CONTINUOUS.................................68
        POLYGON/STRAIGHT LINE...............................68
        RECTANGLE...........................................69
        CIRCLE..............................................69
        ELLIPSE.............................................69
        FILL................................................70
        BRUSH SIZE SELECTOR.................................70
        BRUSH SHAPES........................................70
        CLOSE BOX...........................................71
        CONTROLS............................................71
        TEXT RENDERING......................................71
        PALETTE.............................................71
        UNDO................................................71
        REPEAT..............................................72
        MAGNIFY.............................................72
        SCISSORS............................................73
        MODE INDICATOR/COORDINATES..........................73
        FRONT/BACK GADGET...................................73

                    v
    TEXT RENDERING..............................................74
        FONTS...............................................74
        SMOOTHING ON/OFF....................................75
        STYLE SELECTORS.....................................75
        TEXT ENTRY WINDOW...................................75
        TOOLS...............................................76
    PALETTE.....................................................76
        TONE SELECTOR.......................................76
        RGB SLIDERS.........................................76
        PICK COLOR..........................................77
        COLOR SELECTORS.....................................77
    CONTROLS....................................................78
        DITHERING...........................................78
        SMOOTHING ON/OFF....................................78
        TILE CONTROLS.......................................79
        WARPING CONTROLS....................................79
        TRANSPARENCY CONTROLS...............................80
    MENUS.......................................................81
    FILE REQUESTER..............................................81
    PICTURE.....................................................82
        LOAD................................................82
        SAVE................................................84
        PRINT...............................................84
        QUIT................................................84
        VIEW................................................84
        SIZE................................................85
        CLEAR...............................................85
        SWAP................................................85
    BRUSH.......................................................86
        LOAD................................................86
        SAVE................................................86
        NOBACKGROUND........................................87
        SWAP................................................87
    PALETTE.....................................................87
        COPY COLOR..........................................88
        REMAP...............................................88

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        UNDO................................................88
    EFFECTS.....................................................88
        FLIP HORIZONTAL.....................................89
        FLIP VERTICAL.......................................89
        ROTATE 90 DEGREES...................................89
    MODE........................................................89
        NORMAL..............................................89
        RANGE...............................................89
        LIGHTEN.............................................90
        DARKEN..............................................90
        COLORIZE............................................90
        RUB THRU............................................90
        BLUR................................................91
        TxMAP...............................................91
        AND.................................................91
        OR..................................................91
        XOR.................................................92
    PREFS.......................................................92
        CLOSE WORKBENCH.....................................92
        OPEN WORKBENCH......................................92
        COORDINATES.........................................93
        GENLOCK.............................................93
CHAPTER 9:TRANSFER 24...............................................95
    INTRODUCTION................................................97
    GETTING STARTED.............................................97
    PROJECT MENU................................................98
        NEW.................................................98
        LOAD................................................98
        SAVE................................................99
        LOAD PALETTE.......................................100
        PRINT..............................................101
        HISTOGRAM..........................................101
        ABOUT..............................................101
        QUIT...............................................101
    CONTROLS MENU..............................................102
    COLOR......................................................102

                vii

        BRIGHTNESS.........................................103
        CONTRAST...........................................103
        SATURATION.........................................103
        RED................................................103
        GREEN..............................................103
        BLUE...............................................103
        SHARPNESS..........................................103
        DEFAULT............................................104
        OK.................................................104
        PALETTE............................................104
        DISPLAY............................................104
    PALETTE....................................................104
        MAKE PALETTE/FREEZE PALETTE........................105
        COLOR 0 ON/OFF.....................................105
    DISPLAY....................................................105
APPENDIX A:KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS......................................109
    TOOLS......................................................109
    MENU COMMANDS..............................................109
    DAWING MODES...............................................110
    CONTROLS...................................................110
    PALETTE....................................................111
    TEXT.......................................................111
    MISCELLANEOUS..............................................111
APPENDIX B:HAM MODE AND DIGI-PAINT.................................113
APPENDIX C:DIGI-PAINT 3 AND AREXX..................................115
APPENDIX D:TECHNICAL SUPPORT.......................................125

                viii

INTRODUCTION

Digi-Paint 3 is a software program for electronic painting and image manipula-
tion that allows you to use the maximum graphics power of your Amiga. With
Digi-Paint 3,you can create,manipulate,and display images using the Amiga's
remarkable display mode called Hold And Modify(HAM for short). This special
mode lets you use all of the Amiga's 4096 colors on screen at once,unlike most
paint programs which allow only 32 or perhaps 64 colors on screen. Digi-Paint 3
breaks this "32 color barrier" and gives you access to all 4096 colors,thus
allowing much more realistic images and a variety of special effects like
transparency that are only possible when you have a large number of colors
available.

Digi-Paint 3 provides tools to manipulate images by drawing lines,dots,circles,
and squares. Unlike other paint programs,Digi-Paint 3 also has special features
such as user-controllable 3D texture mapping and transparency controls,and
eleven different drawing modes that help you get the best use out of the
thousands of colors now available.

Digi-Paint 3 displays images in either Amiga's low resolution or low resolution
interlace;in those resolutions,you can have a Canvas(screen area on which to
paint)of up to 1024 pixels in either the horizontal or vertical direction.(This
is limited by available CHIP RAM;with the newly-available 1 megabyte CHIP RAM,
the maximum screen size is 960 x 960 pixels.)You can use overscan or severe
overscan display as well,for compatibility with video. Digi-Paint 3 reads
standard IFF picture files,so any picture you've created with another graphics
program or with Digi-View Gold can be read into Digi-Paint 3. You can use any
part of any painting as a brush and apply it to the screen in any one of 11
different drawing modes for different visual effects. Digi-Paint 3's spare
screen allows you to work with two pictures at once to combine or merge them
using different special effects.

The Transfer 24 software contains powerful image manipulation controls and
allows you to convert images to other Amiga display resolutions,including
hi-res overscan of up to 768 x 480 pixels.

Digi-Paint 3 follows standard Amiga conventions regarding use of the mouse:
point by moving the mouse,activate things with the left button,click and drag
to draw,access menus with the right button. If you're familiar with other Amiga
programs,Digi-Paint 3 is easy to use. The new interface has been rendered by
noted Amiga artist Jim Sachs and is designed to provide easy access to Digi-
Paint 3's many features. Keyboard options are also provided to make Digi-Paint
3 even more flexible.

Although this manual covers all of the basics of using Digi-Paint 3,there are
so many possible combinations of features that it would take many volumes to
cover them all. So this manual will serve to introduce you to the power of Digi
Paint 3,but you will find many more capabilities as you continue to use and
experiment with the program. Please write to us and let us know about the things
you've discovered,so that we can pass that information along to other users.

                1

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

If you are totally unfamiliar with the Amiga,we recommend that you read the
Introduction to the Commodore Amiga manual included with your computer before
using Digi-Paint 3. Generally,this manual assumes some familiarity with
computers(the Amiga in particular);if you're familiar with the Amiga,you'll
find Digi-Paint 3 quite easy to use.

The manual is organized so you can get started right away. Most people like to
ignore the manual as much as possible,because after all you really want to use
the software instead of read the manual. If you're that type of person,no
problem. Start the software by double-clicking the Digi-Paint 3 icon(like you
would start most other Amiga software)and start experimenting. You won't hurt
anything. When you have questions,refer to the Reference section of this manual
for concise explanations of each feature.

For those of you who want something a little more structured(and can avoid the
temptation to throw down the manual and rush to use the software),the
Digi-Paint 3 manual contains a Guided Tour to briefly display some of the major
features,some Tutorials to illustrate the use of Digi-Paint 3,an Applications
section that discusses various uses of Digi-Paint 3,and the aforementioned
Reference section where all the features of Digi-Paint 3 are listed and
explained.

Everyone should read the Guided Tour section for a quick introduction to Digi-
Paint 3's structure and some of the basic features(like loading files). After
that,a complete approach would be to read and perform the Tutorials,then read
the Applications and browse through the Reference section. After the Reference
section,Transfer 24(the image processing software included with Digi-Paint 3)is
described in detail. The Apprendices provide some useful information,
particularly Appendix A,which summarizes the keyboard commands for Digi-Paint
3.

                2

            DIGI-PAINT 3 MANUAL ADDENDUM

DIGI-PAINT 3 DEMO
Included on the Digi-Paint 3 disk are two icons labeled DigiPaint3_Demo and
QuitDemo. These icons control the demo included with Digi-Paint 3,which shows
off some of the features of the program running from an ARexx script. You must
have at least 1 MED of RAM in order to view the demo,then:Double-click the
DigiPaint3_Demo icon to start the demo which will loop continuously. To exit
the demo,press the left Amiga key and the n key simultaneously,which will
return you to the Workbench screen. From the Workbench screen,double click the
QuitDemo icon in the PaintBench window.

Digi-Paint 3 Slide Show
Included on the Transfer 24 disk is a slide show of Digi-Paint 3 artwork. To
run the slide show,simply double click the DigiPaint3_SlideShow icon. To exit
the slide show,click in the upper left hand corner of the screen.

HIGHWATER
On the Digi-Paint 3 PaintBench Workbench disk we have included a program called
HighWater. It is a system patch similar to the Commodore-supplied setpatch
program. This program runs in your startup-sequence and helps to eliminate
memory fragmentation problems. This fix is applicable to all pre-1.4 Commodore
system software revisions.

If you have a 512K Amiga,and boot from any disk other than the PaintBench disk,
you should double-click the HighWater icon before running Digi-Paint 3.
HighWater should be run only once,since it will use(and not return)a small
amount of memory each time it is run.

ATTENTION 512K USERS
Digi-Paint 3 was designed to work on a 1 megabyte Amiga with all features
available. Due to its extremely efficient use of memory,most features are
available on a 512K machine,with the following limitations:
-The magnify screen may be shortened or unavailable.

-At times,the HAM palette may disappear.(This will happen during menu display,
while carrying a custom brush,while magnifying,etc.)

-Very large "cutout" brushes will not be available. In addition,if the screen
flashes when scissors is selected,then you will not have an undo available when
pasting the cutout brush.

-Due to dynamic memory allocations,resizing the screen larger or smaller may
lead to the loss of the picture.

Removing any external disk drives(with the power off,of course)will allow your
Amiga(and Digi-Paint 3)to use more money. Another way to save about 10K of
memory is to drag the Digi-Paint 3 icon outside the PaintBench window and close
it before clicking the icon. These steps will eliminate some of the above
limitations,and make the others less of a problem.

NEW TECH SUPPORT HOURS
NewTek is happy to welcome Jae Emerson as head of the Technical Support Staff.
Tech Support hours are between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. central time Monday thru
Friday at [phone],or on the new toll-free tech line:[phone].

            CHAPTER 1 GETTING STARTED

Your Digi-Paint 3 package should include the following items:

Digi-Paint 3 disk
Transfer 24/Art disk
Manual
Registration card

First,before you start using the software,you should make a backup copy of both
disks. This software is not copy-protected;use the standard AmigaDOS copy
procedures(see your Amiga manual for details)to copy both disks onto new disks.
Put the originals away in a safe place and only use the copies. If something
happens to the copy and it no longer works,then make a new copy from the
original disk.

Please fill out the registration card and send it in immediately. This serves
two important purposes:it lets us know more about you so that we can create
better products,and it puts your name on file so that we can notify you of
product upgrades.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Digi-Paint 3 requires an Amiga with at least 512K of memory and one disk drive
running KickStart 1.2 or higher. Digi-Paint 3 is compatible with the Amiga 500,
1000,2000,and 2500. Digi-Paint 3 is optimized for the 68020,so it will take
advantage of any accelerator card(or the A2500's built-in 68020)to improve
performance.

The recommended configuration is two disk drives and 1 megabyte of memory. Some
features are not available unless you have at least 1 megabyte of memory. When
low memory is a problem,you may not be able to cut out large brushes or use
other features. The screen flashes to indicate that Digi-Paint 3 was unable to
perform an action due to low memory.

HARD DISK INSTALLATION
1. Create a Digi-Paint 3 drawer on your hard drive.

Click the Empty Drawer icon to select it.

Choose Duplicate from the Workbench menu to create a new drawer named copy of
Empty.

Rename copy of Empty by clicking it and choosing Rename from the Workbench
menu. Erase the name copy of Empty and type in Digi-Paint3 and press Return to
give you your new drawer.

2. Move the icons from the Digi-Paint 3 disk to the Digi-Paint3 drawer(you
must copy the DigiPaint,DigiPaint.KEYS and DigiPaint.GADS icons for the program
to boot properly from the hard drive).

                5

Put the Digi-Paint 3 disk in any drive and double-click the disk icon to
display the contents of the disk.

Click the Digi-Paint 3 icon and then while holding down the Shift key click on
all of the other icons so that the entire contents of the disk are selected.

While still holding down the Shift key,drag the icons so that your pointer is
over the Digi-Paint3 drawer icon you just created on your hard drive. Release
the mouse button and the contents of your disk are copied to the Digi-Paint3
drawer.

3. Repeat step 2 for the Transfer 24 disk.

                6

            CHAPTER 2: WHAT'S NEW

This section describes how some of the features found in Digi-Paint have been
changed in Digi-Paint 3. Those of you that have used Digi-Paint will find Digi-
Paint 3 to be a completely new program. This section gives you some idea of
what's new,but the best way to get familiar with Digi-Paint 3 is to go through
the Guided Tour and at least browse through the Reference to learn the program.

The interface has been redesigned to add new features and make features more
accessible. A number of drawing tools have been added,as well as variable brush
sizes. Complete text rendering controls are contained in one section easier.
The Shading mode has become Transparency Controls that work in any drawing
mode. Texture mapping controls and smoothing controls have also been added.

A number of the drawing modes have changed;their functions have been put into
other drawing modes. New drawing modes such as Range painting and Texture
Mapping have been added. And the Size interface lets you choose screen sizes up
to 1024 pixels high or wide(limited by available CHIP RAM)without quitting the
program.

EFFECTS
Double and Halve from the Effects menu can now be done using TxMap mode (see
the Resizing tutorial). A "Mirror Flip" is accomplished by selecting a custom
brush and using the Flip commands from the Effects menu. Soften can be done
with more precision using the Blur drawing mode;it then applies to whatever
part of the screen that you draw on. "Switch Halves" can be performed by
cutting out half the screen as a custom brush,select Copy This Brush,then cut
out the other half of the screen. Paste the new half down on the other side,
then Exchange Brushes,then paste down the brush on the other side.

DRAWING MODES
Blend,Tint,and Light Tint can all be cuplicated by using the Transparency Con-
trols. Turn Dithering off,then adjust the Transparency with the Hotspot set to
the entire area. Digi-Paint 3 gives you a much finer level of control over
Tinting by using this method. Minimum mode has been replaced by Darken mode,and
Maximum has been replaced by Lighten mode. The functions of Add and Subtract
have been replaced by Colorize,which gives you a much more intuitive way of
adding colors to the screen. Finally,Shading mode has been replaced by the
Transparency Controls and by Range mode,giving you much greater control over
shaded drawings.

                9

            CHAPTER 3 GUIDED TOUR

This section is designed to quickly familiarize you with Digi-Paint 3's basic
features. Keep your manual handy next to the computer;you'll be following the
explanations in the Guided Tour while using Digi-Paint 3.

DIGITAL PAINTING
Using a computer to create artwork has only recently become commonplace. The
advent of the Amiga with its low cost and high resolution 4096 color graphics
makes it possible for an even wider audience to create high-quality computer
images.

Computer generated artwork can be thought of as digital painting(as opposed to
traditional,"analog" painting methods). This is a medium of expression just as
oil painting is a different medium than watercolor. Like learning to paint in
any new medium,digital painting requires a new perspective on how you create
artwork. While any paint program lets you change each pixel individually,trying
to create an image in that fashion would take a very long time. Fortunately,
Digi-Paint 3 offers a number of powerful features that make it possible to
create complicated effects in a few moments.

One of the most important features of digital painting with Digi-Paint 3 is the
ability to Undo and Repeat an action. If you didn't like the last splotch of
paint,Undo it and it disappears. Then you can change color,paint mode or
transparency level and Repeat,and the action is re-done with the changes you
have made. This gives you the freedom to experiment without fear of ruining
your artwork.

It may seem odd at first to paint by using a "mouse" instead of a brush or a
pencil,but you'll quickly adjust. The medium of digital painting has its
limitations,but the advantages make it a powerful and expressive medium.

STARTING UP DIGI-PAINT 3

Before we proceed,let's clarify a few terms that are used repeatedly in this
manual.

BASIC TERMINOLOGY
These terms are already familiar to you if you're an experienced Amiga user.

CLICK:The operation of moving the pointer over something on the screen and then
pressing the left mouse button.

DRAG:Hold down the left mouse button as you move the pointer.

DOUBLE-CLICK:The operation of moving the pointer over something on the screen
and then pressing the left mouse button twice in rapid succession.

PULL DOWN:Hold down the right mouse button to display the Menu Bar;move the
pointer ove the designated menu,then move the pointer downward until the
desired command is highlighted,then release the mouse button.

                13

SELECT:Click on a gadget(one of the icons or little pictures in the Toolbox);
when selected,it is highlighted.

LOADING DIGI-PAINT 3

Turn on your Amiga.

At the Workbench prompt,put the Digi-Paint 3 disk into the internal(df0:) disk
drive.

The Workbench included with Digi-Paint 3 loads in.

Double-click on the Digi-Paint 3 disk icon to "open" the icon.

You'll see the Digi-Paint 3 icon(see Figure 3.01);double-click on the icon to
start up Digi-Paint 3.

After a brief pause a black screen appears with the "Toolbox" at the bottom(see
Figure 3.02). The black area is called the Canvas in Digi-Paint 3;this is where
you can paint with the tools of Digi-Paint 3,bring in images,and manipulate
images. The Canvas can be larger than the screen;in that case,the screen acts
like a window over the part of the Canvas that it can display. The Toolbox is
where you'll find the various features available in Digi-Paint 3,and(when you
hold down the right mouse button)the menus are where other commands are
available.

                14

DIGI-PAINT 3 STRUCTURE
The various features of Digi-Paint 3 are found in the toolbox. The toolbox is
the area at the bottom of the screen that consists of the Color Strip and one
of four different Sections below the Color Strip(as shown in Figure 3.03). When
the right mouse button is held down,the Color Strip is replaced by the Menu
Bar, where a number of features are accessed by pulling down one of the six
Menus. The four Sections of the Toolbox are the Tools(which appears when you
first start up Digi-Paint 3),Controls,Text Rendering,and Palette.

                15

These Sections are displayed by clicking the appropriate icon in the lower left
corner. The Tools section contains the basic drawing tools and brushes for
putting paint on the Canvas. The Controls section contains the Warping and
Transparency controls,as well as the Dithering and Smoothing controls. The text
rendering section contains a number of font rendering controls for creating
text. Finally,the Palette section contains color selection controls where you
can select the desired color for painting. Each Section is described in greater
detail in the Reference Section.

The pointer changes as you move into the Toolbox. While over the Color Strip,it
becomes a left-facing arrow(the Color Picker);while over the Toolbox Section,it
becomes the standard pointer;while over the Canvas or the Brush Size or Brush
Shape area,the pointer becomes the current brush selected.

PAINTING
Now that Digi-Paint 3 is active,we're ready to begin a tour of its features.
When you move the pointer into the Canvas area of the screen,a round white dot
appears where the pointer was;this is the current brush in the current selected
color(this is a medium sized circle brush with white paint). Painting is easy:

With the pointer located anywhere within the Canvas(where it becomes a brush),
press and hold the left mouse button and move the pointer. A white trail
appears wherever you move the pointer. When you release the button,the paint
stops appearing.

If you approach the Toolbox when you paint,the Toolbox disappears to allow you
to paint "behind" it.

Click the right mouse button to bring back the Toolbox.

You can paint with any color from the Amiga's 4096 color palette. At the top
left of the Toolbox is a row of 16 colors in small rectangles(called the 16
Color Palette).

Click on any one of the 16 Color Palette rectangles to select that color.

The current brush changes color to match the newly selected color;at the same
time,the long rectangle(called the Current Color Bar)next to the 16 Color
Palette also changes to the selected color. Now paint some more with the new
color. Try selecting other colors among the 16 and then painting.

The Toolbox contains differrent Brush Shapes,located at the upper right of the
Toolbox below the colors on the top bar. The circle brush is highlighted
currently,because that is the brush in use.

Click on the icon next to the circle to select the square brush.

Draw a few lines on the screen with that brush,and try out a few of the other
brush shapes. You can also use any of these brush shapes(with the exception of
the one-pixel brush at the far left)in any one of 7 sizes.

                16

Click on one of the seven Brush Size icons to select that size brush or hold
down the left mouse button over the Brush Size area and move the brush to the
left to enlarge it,or to the right to shrink it. Try painting with different
sizes of the barious brush shapes.

The Toolbox also contains Drawing Tools for creating standard shapes. Currently
the Freehand Tool is highlighted,showing that it is the tool in use.

Click the Rectangle icon to select that tool.

Now click in the canvas,and while still holding down the left mouse button,drag
out the resulting rectangle to about two inches square and release the mouse
button.

A rectangle is quickly drawn on the screen using the current color and brush
shape. You can also draw a filled rectangle.

Click the Fill icon to select it,and draw a filled rectangle.

You can choose any of the other drawing tools and use them in a similar fashion
except for the Polygon/Straight Line tool. To use that tool:

Click the left mouse button on the Canvas,drag out a line,click the left button
again to set a new end point,and continue until you have shape you want.

Then click the right mouse button to complete the polygon.

CLEARING THE CANVAS
By this time the Canvas is probably getting quite crowded with doodling. Let's
clear the area to try some more features of Digi-Paint 3.

Select the black color in the 16 Color Palette(click on the color to the far
left of the 16 Color Palette).

Press the right mouse button and hold it down. The Toolbox disappears and the
Menu Bar appears.

While still holding down the right mouse button,move the pointer to the word
Picture. The Picture menu drops down.

Move the pointer to the word Clear;when it is highlighted,release the mouse
button. The Canvas is cleared to the black you selected.(Or press Shift-k on
the keyboard to clear the screen to the leftmost color in the palette.)

If you ever change your mind after clearing the screen,click the Undo button to
"unclear" the Canvas;click Undo again to bring back the cleared Canvas. The
Undo button is a very powerful command that "takes back" the last action you
performed.

                17

THE PALETTE
You can choose any one of the Amiga's 4096 colors as your painting color.

Click the Palette icon at the bottom of the Toolbox(fourth icon from the left);
the Toolbox displays the Palette section(see Figure 3.04).

Move the pointer over the three Color Selectorr squares(at the right of the
Palette section)as you hold down the left mouse button. The colors change as
you move the pointer;the Current Color Bar at the top of the Toolbox shows the
color you've selected.

Choose any color by releasing the mouse button.

Now paint with that color,and try several others as well.

You'll notice that as you draw and lay colors over one another,some "fringe"
colors may appear;when you release the mouse button,the "Zz" sign will replace
the pointer and those fringes will be erased. Sometimes,however,a trace of an-
other color remains at the edge of what you drew. This happens because Digi
Paint 3 uses the HAM display mode of the Amiga,and this display mode places
certain constraints on the colors that appear on the screen(see Appendix B for
a discussion of HAM mode and Digi-Paint 3).

LOADING A PICTURE
Now let's load a picture into Digi-Paint e.

Press and hold the right mouse button,and move once again to the Picture menu.

While holding down the mouse button,move the pointer down until Load is
highlighted,then release the mouse button. The File Requester then appears.

Click on the disk drive gadget(in the upper left corner of the File Requester
window)where your Digi-Paint 3 disk is located(usually in df1: or df0:;the dh0:
refers to a hard disk drive,if you have one).

The drive whirs for a moment and the files and drawers available on the disk
appear. Drawers and volumes appear in white letters;files appear in gray
letters. Each volume(usually a disk)present appears at the top of the
requester;ou can open a volume by clicking it. This is the same as clicking the
drive name buttons(like df0:),but not all volumes are present as buttons(the
RAM disk,for instance,only appears as a volume name).

                18

Open up the drawer labeled Images by clicking it with the left mouse button.
The disk drive whirs and you see a list of the pictures included with Digi-
Paint 3.

Select the picture named Fashion by clicking on it with the left mouse button
(the name appears in the box at the top of the File Requester).

Click on the Open File button in the upper right corner of the File Requester.

A requester appears at the bottom of the screen asking you if you want to use
the color palette from the file or the Palette on display.

Load Palette from File is highlighted,so click OK. The picture loads in from
disk and is displayed on the screen.

Click the Close icon in the bottom left corner of the Toolbox to close the
Toolbox so you can see the entire image.(Or press Esc on the keyboard to hide
or retrieve the Toolbox.)

Click the right mouse button to bring back the Toolbox.

Creating a Custom Brush
Let's experiment with some of the special Tools.

Click the Tools icon to display that section of the Toolbox.

Select the Rectangle tool and click the Scissors icon. The cursor changes to a
pair of scissors. You can now cut out any part of the image and use it as a
custom brush. Any Drawing Tool could be used in this manner by selecting it and
then selecting Scissors.

Draw a rectangle around one of the eyes of the woman in the image. When you
release the mouse button to complete the rectangle,a copy of the area
underneath the rectangle has been made into a custom brush.

Move the pointer somewhere else on the Canvas(the middle of her forehead,for
instance)and click. The eye is painted down on the image where you clicked.

Click Undo to remove it.

Transparency
Now let's try making the eye blend in with the background better. For this,we
need to use the Transparency controls.

Click the Controls icon.

The toolbox changes to show the Controls section. At the far right of the Tool-
box are the Transparency controls(see Figure 3.05). There is a vertical slider
on the left(the Hotspot Transparency slider),a large white square with four

                19

buttons on top(the Hotspot Locator and the Hotspot Selectors on top),and a
vertical slider on the right(the Edge Transparency slider).

Click the Point Hotspot button(second button from the left on top of the white
square).

The Hotspot Locator now displays a small white square on a shaded background.
This white square is the "hotspot" for the Transparency Control,determining
where the center of the transparency will be in any shape you draw.

Drag the Edge Transparency slider down to the bottom to make the edge of the
brush entirely transparent.

Now move the pointer to the middle of the woman's forehead and stamp down the
"eye" brush by clicking.

In a moment,you'll see the third eye blended in with the background(see Figure
3.06)

You can try out different transparency settings by adjusting the Transparency
sliders or the Hotspot Locator,then clicking Undo and then Repeat. The Repeat
function duplicates the last drawing action with the current Control settings,
and is therefore an easy way to try out variation in settings.

                20

Using Text
Finally,let's add a title to our picture.

Reset the Transparency Controls by clicking the first button on the left in the
Hotspot Selectors;this turns off Transparency(and brings back the solid white
square to show this).

Click the Text icon(third from the left at the bottom of the Toolbox)to display
the Text Rendering section of the Toolbox(see Figure 3.07).

Click on the white color in the 16 Color Palette to select that as the current
color.

Click in the Text Entry Window(the long black rectangle on the right side of
the Toolbox).

Now type Alien Lady and press the Return key.

The words appear as a custom brush;stamp it down on the image by clicking,and
you have a title.

This title used one of the Amiga's standard fonts;other fonts are accessible by
clicking the Fonts button,finding the desired font on disk and loading it in.

The Tour Ends
This short tour has only touched a few of Digi-Paint 3's many features. Now
that you're familiar with the general layout of the program,you can continue to
experiment on your own to find out more about Digi-Paint 3. However,we suggest
you work through the Tutorials,then read the Applications section for some
ideas on how to use Digi-Paint 3 more effectively. Before you go on,we strongly
recommend that you MAKE A WORKING COPY OF YOUR DIGI-PAINT DISK and store your
original in a safe place. After this point,you should never use your original
Digi-Paint disk again except to make another working copy in case your first
copy is somehow damaged.

                21

            CHAPTER 4 TUTORIALS

Learning to use a program like Digi-Paint 3 is much easier when you actually
try to do something useful with it. The purpose of these tutorials is two fold:
to teach you how the software works,and to show you some useful combinations of
features. By using some of Digi-Paint 3's tools in combination,many different
effects are possible. As you explore the program yourself,you'll happen upon
many that aren't even hinted at here.

The tutorials are designed to be completed in a few minutes. This means that
images you produce may not be great artwork,but the intent is to demonstrate
how the program works. However,you will find that Digi-Paint 3 can produce very
nice results without a lot of effort. You may want to experiment with some of
the settings described in the tutorials;this is a great way to learn more about
features.

While the tutorials progress more or less in order,you can take them in any
order you please. If you're interested in a particular feature,go straight to
that tutorial and try it out. Just make sure that all of the controls and
drawings modes are set back to Digi-Paint 3's default settings(do this by
pressing the TAB key on the keyboard),so that you don't get confused by the
tutorial's instructions.

NOTE:Some of the Tutorials that use the Swap Screen require 1 megabyte of ram.

When you've completed the tutorials,look to the Reference section for more de-
tailed explanations of the features. Also,don't hesitate to try your own
variations on the tutorials. Adjust the controls a different way;choose
different colors. There's always the Undo button handy to whisk away your
mistakes. The Repeat key is also a handy way to try out variations on a
theme:draw something,change the controls,Drawing Mode,or colors,then click the
Repeat button and Digi-Paint 3 draws the same thing you drew before with the
new controls settings.

Refer to Appendix A for a complete listing of all the Toolbox icons.

Without further ado,let's learn how to use some of the features of Digi-Paint
3.

TUTORIAL 1:SPHERE

This first tutorial shows you how to create a sphere. First,start up your Amiga
and load Digi-Paint 3.

Select the one-pixel brush.

Select the Circle tool.

Select the Fill gadget.

Draw a circle about two inches across.

So far,this is just a plain circle. Now we'll use one of Digi-Paint 3's Drawing
Modes to create the illusion of three dimensions.

                25

Click the right mouse button to bring back the Toolbox.

Click Undo to remove the circle you just drew.

Pull down Range from the Mode menu.

Just to double check that Range Mode was indeed selected,look at the box in the
lower right corner of the Toolbox(just to the left of the Front/Back gadget).
Inside the box is should now say Range. If is says Normal or any other term,go
back to the Mode menu and select Range again,taking care to release the mouse
button only when the word Range is highlighted.

Now that Digi-Paint 3 is in Range Mode,the Current Color is no longer used.
Instead,the Range Colors are used;these are located at the right hand end of
the Color Strip at the top of the Toolbox.

Now draw a circle about two inches across.

This circle has yellow in the center shading out to red at the edges. While it
definitely has more texture,it still doesn't resemble a sphere. For that effect
the Transparency controls are necessary.

Go to the Transparency controls by clicking on the Controls gadget(second icon
from the left in the lower left corner of the Toolbox).

The Toolbox displays a new set of icons;the Transparency controls are located
at the far right of the Toolbox(see Figure 4.01).

Click the Point Hotspot button(second button from the left on top of the
Hotspot Locator).

The Hotspot Locator displays a small white square in the middle. This white
square is the "hotspot" for the transparency control,controlling where the left
hand Range Color is located in the object you draw.

Drag the hotspot to the upper left corner,about 1/4 inch from the top and side
of the box.

This creates the effect of a light source coming from the upper left.

Moving the pointer to the Canvas,drag out a circle about 2 inches across and
release the mouse button.

As you can see,the circle now looks like a sphere. There's one more thing we
can do to increase the illusion,which is to add a highlight.

                26

Pull down Normal from the Mode menu to return to normal drawing mode.

Select white from the 16 Color Palette.

Drag the right hand slider of the Transparency controls all the way to the
bottom.

This will make the edges of the circle you draw transparent,thus blending in
the highlight.

In the upper left corner of the sphere you drew,where the yellow color is
centered,drag out a very small circle(about the size of a dime or less).

A white highlight is added,with the edges blending into the sphere. If you
didn't get the position quite right,click Undo and try again. Figure 4.02 shows
what the sphere should look like.

You may want to save this picture for use in some of the other tutorials.

Pull down Save from the Picture Menu so that the File Requester appears.

If you don't have a data disk handy,format one now. One of the advantages of
the Amiga's multi-tasking environment is that you can do that right now without
leaving Digi-Paint 3. If you need to format a data disk,use the following
procedure:

Click on the left portion of the Front/Back gadget in the upper right corner of
the File Requester.

This brings you to the Workbench.

                27

Put a blank disk in one of your disk drives.

The image of the disk appears on the Workbench,like this:df1:BAD(or DF0:BAD,
depending on which drive you used).

Select the BAD disk.

Pull down Initialize from the Disk menu.

A message appears asking you to insert the disk in the drive. Since it's
already there:

Click Continue(click Cancel to exit this procedure).

Another message appears,asking if you really want to do this.

Click Continue(click Cancel to exit this procedure).

The Amiga now begins formatting you data disk. While it's busy with that,let's
go back to Digi-Paint 3 and get ready to save the file.

Click on the right portion of the Front/Back gadget in the upper right corner
of the Workbench screen.

This brings you back to Digi-Paint 3.

Click on the disk drive where you want to save this picture(df0:,df1:,or dh0).
If you just formatted a data disk,wait until the disk drive has finished
whirring,then click on that drive(or the volume name). The new disk is named
Empty.

Click in the long black window to the left of the Save File Button(this is the
File Name window).

Type in Sphere(this will be the file name).

Click the Save File button.

The picture is saved and the Toolbox reappears where you left it.

TUTORIAL 2:RANGE PAINTING

This tutorial shows the use of Range drawing mode to create more intricate
three dimensional objects;this subject is a cube.

If you just complete the Sphere tutorial,we're ready to start;go to the fourth
step listed below.

If you have just started Digi-Paint 3:

                28

Load the Sphere file you created with the first tutorial.

Click the second icon from the left in the lower left corner of the Toolbox to
go to the Controls.

Click the Point Hotspot button above the Hotspot Locator. This controls where
the left hand Range Color is located in the object you draw.

Drage the Hotspot to the upper left corner of the gray area,about 1/4 inch from
the top and from the left.

Click the Tools icon(second icon from the left)in the lower left corner of the
Toolbox.

The Tools section of the Toolbox is displayed.

Select the Rectangle tool.

Select the Fill gadget if it's not already highlighted.

Pull down Range from the Mode menu.

Drag out a square about two inches on a side to the left of the sphere in the
upper portion of the Canvas.

Now we have the front face of the cube. For the other two faces that can be
seen,we need to use the Polygon/Straight Line tool.

Select the Ploygon/Straight Line tool(second icon from left).

Click the Controls icon to return to that section of the Toolbox.

First we'll add the top face of the cube. The highlight needs to be moved to
better simulate the top face.

Drag the hotspot in the Hotspot Locator straight downward to the bottom,about
1/4 inch from the left edge.

Draw a parallelogram using the Polygon Tool:

Click on the top left corner of the square and drag out a line about half an
inch long at a thirty degree angle,pointing upward to the right.

Click with the left mouse button to place that endpoint,then drag out a
straight line to the right about two inches long.

Click the left mouse button to place that endpoint.

                29

Drag out a line from there to the upper right corner of the square,then click
the right mouse button to create the filled polygon.

Now for the final part of the cube,we need to draw a darker area to simulate
the shadowy side of the cube.

Click the Hotspot Off button(the first button on the left over Hotspot
Locator);the Hotspot Locator turns white,indicating that Hotspot and Edge
colors are the same.

Now draw a polygon for the last face of the cube,using a similar procedure to
the one for the top face.

When you complete this polygon,it appears in red(the rightmost Range Color),
since the Hotspot is the entire area. The cube might look more real with a
slightly darker shade of red.

Select the red color from the Range Color palette by clicking on the far right
edge of the Range Colors(just to the left of the red box at the farthest
right).

Pull down Normal from the Mode menu. Move the pointer over the Current Color
Bar at the top of the Toolbox,then press and hold the left mouse button.

The Palette is displayed as long as you hold down the mouse button. Directly
under the Current Color Bar are the RGB sliders that control the color chosen.
To the left are darker shades of the 16 Color Palette colors.

While still holding the left mouse button,move the pointer to the red color in
the 16 Color Palette,then move the pointer downward slowly. The red color in
the Current Color Bar darkens as you move downward. Select a red a few shades
darker than the beginning color,then release the mouse button.

Now click on the Repeat button in the Toolbox.

The right face of the cube is redrawn in a darker shade of red,helping create
the illusion of three dimensions. Save this picture under the file name
Sphere&Cube for use in the next tutorial.

TUTORIAL 3:SHADOWS

This is a continuation of the Sphere tutorial. Here we will create a greater
illusion of depth by adding a background and shadows to the sphere and cube
created before.

Load the Sphere&Cube file you created with the previous tutorial.

Select the Rectangle Tool and the Fill gadget.

                30

Draw a white rectangle on the bottom half of the screen below the sphere and
the cube.

This serves as a background;perhaps it's a giant desktop. In any case,it's a
good place for these objects to cast shadows. For that,we'll use one of Digi-
Paint 3's Drawing Modes.

Pull down Darken from the Mode menu.

Select the Ellipse tool and the Fill gadget.

Draw a flattened ellipse to the right and below the sphere on the white
surface.

The ellipse appears dark,as a good shadow should. Now for the cube's shadow.

Select the Polygon Tool.

Draw a parallelogram under the cube,slightly to the right,offset the same
distance as the sphere's shadow.

You now have shadows,and the similar light sources generate a spotlight effect.
Note that the Darken mode doesn't have to have a white background;you can use
Darken with similar effects on any background,even ones with multiple colors.

TUTORIAL 4:SIZING

Digi-Paint 3 has the ability to resize any image by using the Warping controls
and 3D Texture Mapping drawing mode. This tutorial demonstrates resizing of a
small custom brush;the technique can be used with an entire picture.

Load Digi-Paint 3(if it's not already running).

Load the image named Fashion from the Images drawer on the Digi-Paint 3 disk.

Select the one pixel brush.

Select the Rectangle Tool and the Fill Gadget.

Click the Scissors icon.

Now you can cut out a custom brush in the shape of a rectangle.

Draw a square that encloses one of the woman's eyes.

                31

From the Brush menu,pull down Copy This Brush under the Swap sub-menu.

The Copy This Brush command appears on a sub-menu,so you need to move the
pointer to the right once you hit Swap in order to display the sub-menu.

This procedure has now enabled the TxMap item on the Mode Menu. This mode
requires that a custom brush is selected and a copy of that brush is made;so
TxMap mode is not available until you have done those things.

Select TxMap from the Mode menu.

Select the Rectangle tool and make sure that the Fill gadget is activated.

Draw any size rectangle on the screen and the brush will be reproduced in the
size and shape of that rectangle.

To keep the proportions the same,draw a square. Try drawing a square about half
an inch on a side,and then try drawing a square about four inches on a side.

The resizing looks even smoother if you use Smoothing.

Click the Controls icon to go to that section of the Toolbox.

Select the right half of the Smoothing icon(fourth from the left,middle row on
the left side).

Click Repeat to redraw the last eye with Smoothing.

As the eye is redrawn,you'll see the difference that Smoothing makes.

This resizing technique can be used with all manner of custom brushes. As an
additional benefit,you can resize the brush with different proportions as
necessary to fit the brush into your image.

For greater precision in resizing a brush,use the Coordinates. Turn on
Coordinates by selecting it from the Prefs menu or clicking on the Mode box at
the bottom right of the Toolbox. When you start to draw,the Toolbox(and the
Coordinates)disappear;press the Esc key to bring back the Toolbox and the
Coordinates as you draw. When you start drawing,the Coordinates take the
starting point of your drawing as 0,0 and add from there. The "Repeat" tutorial
will show you how you can pick this up as a custom brush.

TUTORIAL 5:REPEAT

This is one of the most powerful commands in Digi-Paint 3. This tutorial
demonstrates the use of Repeat to automatically cut out custom brushes.

Select the Continuous Freehand tool and the Fill gadget.

                32

Draw a random shape on the Canvas.

Click the Scissors gadget.

Click Repeat.

You have now cut out a custom brush of the shape you've just created. This
works for any type of drawing tool,as long as it's the last thing you draw.
This use of the Repeat command makes it very easy to cut out custom,or texture-
mapped shapes as brushes.

The Repeat button can also be used to try out variations in Control settings,
colors,or Drawing Modes. As long as you don't draw again in the Canvas,the
Repeat key will continue to repeat the last drawing action including whatever
changes you've made. Try selecting a different color,or changing the
Transparency controls,choosing a new drawing mode,then click the Repeat button.
Using Undo and Repeat makes the process of trying out alternative settings
quick and easy.

TUTORIAL 6:RUB THRU

This tutorial demonstrates the use of Rub Thru drawing mode. This mode can be
used to integrate two separate images in a selective fashion.

Load the Fashion image from the Images drawer on the Digi-Paint 3 disk.

Select Copy This Picture from the Swap sub-menu in the Picture menu.

Select white from the 16 color palette,and Colorize from the Mode menu.

Press the w key on the keyboard to colorize the entire screen at once.(Coloriz-
ing with any gray scale color[r=g=b]removes all of the color from the image)

Click the Controls gadget to display the Transparency controls.

Select the Point Hotspot,and move it so that the hotspot is directly over the
white highlight on the red sphere in the Hotspot locator.

Move the right hand(Edge Transparency)slider to the bottom of its range.

Select Rub Thru from the mode menu and press w on the keyboard.

You will see the color of the original picture return to your "de-colorized"
black and white screen,according to the Transparency settings,from the original
color picture in the Swap Screen.

This technique can be used to create misty "cutouts" of photographs or as a
selective Undo. Rub Thru can easily be used with a different picture in the
Swap Screen to give may other interesting montage and blending effects.

                33

TUTORIAL 7:BACKGROUND
This tutorial shows how to create backgrounds,and particularly perspective back
grounds. This example specifically creates an ocean background. First we'll
create the ocean.

Select the left Range color(the color just right of the Current Color Bar)by
clicking it: a white highlight appears around the color.

Click on the bright blue color in the 16 Color Palette;this blue then becomes
the left color of the Range Colors.

Click on the rightmost Range Color to select it.

Move the pointer over the Current Color Bar and hold down the left mouse
button;the palette appears below.

While still holding down the mouse button,move the pointer over the three Color
Selectors(on the right side of the Palette)until a very light blue color
appears in the Current Color Bar;then release the mouse button to select that
light blue color as the right Range Color.

Click the right Range Color again to de-select it.

Pull down Range mode from the Mode Menu.

Go to the Controls section of the Toolbox.

Set the Transparency controls to Horizontal Hotspot,and place the Hotspot at
the top of the Hotspot locator.

Go to the Tools section of the Toolbox and select the Rectangle tool,the Fill
gadget,and the one-pixel brush.

Draw a rectangle filling up the bottom two-thirds of the screen.

Now select a Range for the sky colors,using a light gray for the left color and
a dark gray for the right color.

Draw a rectangle on the top part of the screen,just meeting the top of the
rectangle you just drew.

You now have a blank seascape,ready to add details. Similar range painting
techniques can be used for landscapes. This works best using the Random
Dithering pattern;you can try using the Pattern Dithering by clicking the left
half of the icon in the Controls section,or try it with no dithering at all by
de-selecting Dithering.

Add seabirds to the painting by using a similar Range as you used for the sky.
Just change the left color to while,and select the Filled Continuous Freehand

                34

tool. Select the Circle brush in the smallest brush size. Draw a tiny double
arc,like the curved wings of a seagull,and from a distance your friends will
thing you can draw.

Add a low-lying sun by substituting yellow for the right Range Color and
drawing a small filled circle just above the horizon line. For a final touch,
add the reflection of the sun in the water by adjusting the Transparency
controls with the right slider to minimum,the left to just below halfway,the
hotspot on vertical in the center. Use the Filled Continuous Freehand tool to
draw a wavy reflection in the water,and you have a completed seascape.

TUTORIAL 8:COLORIZING
This tutorial shows how Digi-Paint 3 can be used to colorize a black and while
picture.

Load the picture titled Lady from the Images drawer on the Digi-Paint 3 disk.

This picture was digitized with the Digi-View video digitizer in black & white.
Now we'll use Digi-Paint 3 to provide some lifelike colors for the picture.

Select the one-pixel brush.

Pull down Colorize from the Mode menu.

Now we're ready to start colorizing. We'll begin with the skin tones.

Go to the Palette section by clicking the Palette icon.

Choose a pink flesh color by moving the pointer over the Color Selectors and
holding down the left mouse button. The current Color Bar changes to show the
various colors the pointer is traveling over.

Go to the Tools and select the Filled Continuous Freehand tool.

Go to the Canvas and carefully trace the outline of her face by holding down
the left mouse button. Be sure you complete the outline so the color fills in
properly. When you've completed the outline,release the mouse button and you'll
see the flesh tone added to her skin. If you didn't outline the face properly,
click Undo and try again.

Once you have the face filled in properly,look at the color. If the skin tone
doesn't look right,go back to the Palette and change the skin tone to a better
shade,then click Undo and then Repeat to put the new shade on the Lady's face.

Now to add color to the lips.

                35

Go to the Palette Controls and select a shade of red that you like. Now trace
the outline of the lips and watch the color fill in.

If you don't like that shade of lipstick,click Undo,choose another color,then
click Repeat.

For the most realistic addition of color to the lips,go to the Transparency
controls.

Set the right-hand slider about one quarter of the way up.

Choose the Horizontal Hotspot and put the hotspot in the middle.

Now when you add the color to the lips(click Undo and then Repeat again,if
you've already added a color to the lips)it is blended with the face color at
the edges,adding an illusion of depth.

To add eye color,select a light blue color and draw an outline around the
retina of each eye. For added effect,use the Transparency controls with the
left hand slider set to minimum,the right on maximum,and the Point Hotspot set
at a point corresponding to the reflection on the retina. This will keep the
color off of the reflection,adding to the contrast.

Make the whites of her eyes stand out by carefully Colorizing them with white.

Add eye shadow by using Transparency controls to blend the edges of it(try the
Horizontal hotspot again,with the left slider about one quarter of the way up
and the right slider at minimum). You can see where the model was wearing eye
shadow;trace that area carefully. For the final touch,use a yellow to add gold
color to the earrings.

TUTORIAL 9:MONTAGE
This tutorial shows you some of the techniques used in combining elements from
different digitized pictures. In this example,we'll combine various parts of
the Fashion and Lady images.

Load the picture called Lady from the Digi Paint disk(use the Palette from the
file) and copy it to the swap screen using Copy the Picture from the Swap sub-
menu of the Picture menu.

Load in Fashion(do not use the Palette from File option)and press j on the
keyboard to swap screens.

Select the Freehand Continuous took,the one pixel brush,and the Scissors.

Carefully cut out the lips from the Lady picture so they become your custom
brush and press j to return to the Fashion picture.

                36

Paste down the lips in the middle of the scarf where you think her mouth should
be.

Select Rub Thru from the mode menu and the largest circular brush.

Make random brush strokes on the Fashion picture to bring forward other parts
of the Lady picture in an artistic way.

To combine elements from more than these two images,simply cut out parts of
other pictures or brushes or load in new images using the swap screen.

TUTORIAL 10:PERSPECTIVE
This tutorial demonstrates how to use Digi Paint 3's Warping Controls to
simulate a three dimension perspective.

Load the Fashion image from the Digi-Paint 3 disk.

Select the one pixel brush,the Rectangle Tool,and the Fill gadget.

Click the Scissors gadget,then draw a square enclosing the model's eyes and
part of her face;this picks up a custom brush of that area.

Now we need a clear Canvas.

Choose black from the 16 Color Palette and pull down Clear from the Picture
menu. Choose white from the 16 Color Palette so that the cursor is more easily
seen.(This procedure can also be done by pressing Shift-K.)

Pull down Copy This Brush under the Swap sub-menu in the Brush menu.

Pull down TxMap from Mode menu.

Go to the Controls section of the Toolbox. Note that the Warping Controls are
now active.

You can use the default warp settings horizontal(|)and zero warping(the
straight line at the bottom of the slider range)

Select the Polygon tool and turn on the Fill gadget.

Draw a trapezoid,with the top line being about half of the length of the bottom
line,and the sides at about a 45 degree angle. The picture is filled in when
you complete this shape,giving a perspective impression.

For smoother results,turn on the Smoothing gadget to the left of the Warping
Controls.

                37

SPHERE
To create a sphere effect,use the Filled Circle tool to draw a circle. Use the
Point Hotspot in the Warping Controls set at the center. For a greater
impression of a sphere,use the Transparency controls to increase the
transparency of the edge of the circle. Or use Darken mode with Transparency
set to none(the top of the slider)at the Hotspot,one third Edge;this will
darken the edges of the sphere if you Repeat the drawing.

CYLINDER
To create a cylinder effect,use the Filled Rectangle Tool to draw a tall thin
rectangle. Use the Vertical Hotspot in the Warping Controls set at the
center,and set the warp amount slider about half-way up(to the slightly curved
line next to the warp slider range).

TUTORIAL 11:TILES
This tutorial demonstrates how to use text and the special features of Digi-
Paint 3 to create titles.

Go to the Text Rendering section by clicking the Text icon.

Choose a font by clicking the Fonts icon;the Font Requester appears.

Click Cinnamon to open that drawer,and then click 41 to select that size.

Click Open Font to bring that font into Digi-Paint 3 and return to the Text
Rendering section.

Click the bold A icon to the left to select bold text.

Click in the Text Entry Window in the upper left area of the Toolbox and type
Text.

Click the Text to Brush icon to the immediate left of the Text Entry Window,or
press Return to turn the text into a brush.

In a moment,the text you typed becomes a custom brush. Stamp it down anywhere
in the Canvas.

To add some interest to the title,use Range paint mode.

Select Range from the Mode menu.

Click the Text to Brush icon again,and the text reappears as a custom brush
using the Range Colors.

You can alter the Transparency controls to get transparent titles. In order to
get the title with the new control settings active,you must click Text to
Brush.

                38

To create warped effects,take any text brush and pull down Copy This Brush from
the Swap sub-menu in the Brush menu. Then pull down TxMap mode. Now you can
draw a parallelogram to create italic text,use the Circle tool to create
spherical text effects,and of course resize the text to any shape you draw.

                39

            CHAPTER 5 USING TRANSPARENCY

Digi-Paint 3's Transparency is one of the most powerfula and widely useful
features ever offered in a paint program. Transparency works with all other
program features in exactly the amount and location you specify;it is always
available to you if you care to use it.

CONTROLS
The Transparency controls are located in the Controls section of Digi-Paint 3's
user interface and consist of a graphic representation of the drawn shape or
pasted brush(a shaded red sphere)with adjustments available for the
transparency of the edge of object,transparency of the center or "Hotspot",and
adjustments for the shape and kind of Hotspot.

The left hand vertical slider and the three icons to its left control the
Hotspot or center transparency. At the bottom of the slider the Hotspot is

                40

entirely transparent,and at the top of the slider the Hotspot is entirely
solid. The three icons to the left of the slider are preset positions at the
bottom(100% transparent),middle(50% transparent),and top(0% transparent or
opaque)of the slider. Click any one of these icons to move the slider to that
position.

In the middle of the Transparency controls is the Hotspot Locator,with four
buttons above it;from left to right,those buttons are the Off button,the Point
Hotspot,the Horizontal Hotspot,and the Vertical Hotspot. These buttons and the
locator determine the location and kind of hotspot present in your drawn shape
or pasted brush or text.

When the Off button is selected(the default setting),a large white block fills
the Hotspot Locator. In this setting,the Edge Transparency and the Hotspot
Transparency sliders are linked;moving one slider moves the other. This setting
is particularly useful for "tinting" effects and layering transparent colors.
Usually,if you are using a solid color with setting,it's best to turn off the

                44

Dithering controls,especially for tinting purposes. When using Range mode and
the Hotspot is off,the left-hand color for the Range is used instead of the
Current Color(note that if Dithering is on,dots of other colors are painted in
the area you draw).

The Point Hotspot button displays a small white square in the center of the
Hotspot Locator. Click the Point Hotspot button again to turn off the Hotspot
Locator. When the Point Hotspot is active,drag it anywhere in the Locator. This
sets the position of the Hotspot,whose transparency is controlled by the
Hotspot Transparency Slider. When using Range mode,the Hotspot controls the
location of the left hand color in the Range Colors.

The Horizontal Hotspot button displays a verticla white bar in the center of
the Hotspot Locator. Click the Horizontal Hotspot button again to turn off the
Hotspot Locator. When the Horizontal Hotspot is active,drag it anywhere in the
Locator. This sets the position of the Hotspot,whose transparency is controlled

                45

by the Hotspot Transparency Slider. When using Range mode,the Hotspot controls
the location of the left-hand color in the Range Colors.

The Vertical Hotspot button displays a horizontal white bar in the Hotspot
Locator. Click the Vertical Hotspot button again to turn off the Hotspot
Locator. When the Vertical Hotspot is active,drag it anywhere in the Locator.
This sets the position of the Hotspot,whose transparency is controlled by the
Hotspot Transparency Slider. When using Range mode,the Hotspot controls the
location of the left hand color in the Range Colors.

The right hand slider and the three icons to its right control the Edge
Transparency. At the bottom of the slider the edge of any shape you draw(or
custom brush you paste down)is entirely transparent,and at the top of the
slider the edge is entirely solid. The three icons to the right of the slider
are preset positions at the bottom,middle,and top of the slider. Click any one
of these icons to move the slider to that position.

                46

The picture "The Gallery" shows some of the many ways that Digi-Paint 3's
transparency controls can be used for different,subtle shading and lighting
effects.

TRANSPARENCY AND THE MODES
Transparency can subtly or to a large degree alter any of Digi-Paint 3's 11
modes to create nearly limitless new ones.

When you're using the Transparency controls to adjust the degree of a mode,the
usual setting is to turn off the Dithering controls(no Dithering active)and to
leave the Hotspot equal to the Edge,so that the Transparency affects the whole
area equally.

You can,however,create interesting and subtle effects by changing those
standard settings. Dithering with a pattern works well on geometrical figures,
while random dithering produces good effects with digitized images. Dithering
of either sort results in more apparent colors,which gets closer to the
mathematical ideal of the operation being performed. In other words,it looks
better in many cases.

EFFECTS
There are far too many possible effects achievable through the clever use of
Transparency for us to list here;the following is just a sample of some of the
ways that Transparency can give you an artistic edge. If you spend a little
time experimenting with these suggestions and their variations,you will
discover a full set of your own favorite settings.

                47

1.Clouds and Mist-Making realistic clouds or mist is easy when you use Range
mode with Transparency. Set up a range of white to light gray for sunny days or
darker grays for a more overcast setting. The proper setting of the hotspot and
transparency levels add the right degree of translucency to mist or fog.
2. Perspective Effects-Transparency and the other modes can help simulate
different kinds of perspective:

Using Blur with the transparency set to around 90% and painting over objects in
the background of your picture will give the effect of great distance;the
objects will blur slightly as if seen through a hazy atmosphere.

Colorizing background objects with blue and approximately 75-90% transparency
will also give them the look of being at a great distance but without actually
blurring them;objects seen at a great distance through a clear atmosphere take
on a blue tinge but remain sharp in detail.

3.Translucency-objects can be made translucent with the correct application of
transparency. Using a semi-transparent light gray to draw an object is an
excellent simulation of glass. A Range mode set up of white at the hotspot to
gray at the edge with the correct placement of the hotspot in the locator can
make a glass object with light source reflections.
4.Improved Montage-using Edge Transparency when pasting down custom brrushes
helps to more effectively blend them into the picture. Try using various
amounts of edge Transparency in the Montage tutorial when pasting down the
lips. You'll notice that the transition is much smoother;another benefit is
that you don't need to be as precise when cutting out the custom brush,because
varying the Edge Transparency will blend out any unwanted details.
5.False Color-Using Transparency with Digi-Paint 3's logical modes(And,Or,and
Xor)can yield some very interesting computerized false color effects;make
Xor'ed halos of false color by setting Hotspot Transparency at 100% and Edge
Transparency at 0% and drawing over the desired area.

Because there are so many different combinations and possible modes,there are
usually subtle differences between seemingly identical modes,such as painting
in Normal mode with 50% transparent white and painting using Lighten mode. To
prove this to yourself,set the Transparency Controls to 50% with the Hotspot
off. Select the color white from the 16 color palette. Using Normal mode,draw a
filled rectangle over any portion of the Fashion image from the Art Disk. Then
choose Lighten from the Mode menu and click on Undo and then Repeat. You will
notice a definite difference between the two modes that at first glance seem
identical.

INTERACTIVE TRANSPARENCY
The Transparency Controls are also interactive;that is,you can manipulate them
while an object is being drawn to create unusual effects. If the Toolbox
vanishes while drawing the object,click the right mouse button to halt the
process,then click Undo and Repeat. While the process is being repeated,move
the Hotspot Locator or change the Transparency sliders. This works better on a
large object,because with a small object there isn't much time.

                48

            CHAPTER 6 WARPING AND TEXTURE MAPPING

Texture mapping in Digi-Paint 3(TxMap from the mode menu)offers tremendous
power to warp images,resize them,and create three dimensional effects. The
controls provide a graphic representation of the warped brush(a wire frame
sphere)and controls for the amount,type and location of the warping.

The controls are set up in a fashion that allows for maximum flexibility;Digi-
Paint 3's TxMap mode can re-map or warp any shape into any other. Add to this
the fact that TxMap works very well with Transparency and the other modes,and
you have a brush manipulation system that gives you control of every aspect of
the final result.

WARP ENABLE
These controls are only operative when TxMap Mode is active. To begin,you must
first load in,or make a custom brush using the Scissors and make a copy of it
(using the Copy This Brush command under the Swap sub-menu in the Brush-menu).
Then pull down TxMap from the Mode Menu.

                51

The Warping Slider to the left of the Warping Controls determines the amount of
warping in the resulting image,from none to severe;the most severe warping is
at the top of the slider. The three icons to the left of the slider are preset
positions at the bottom,middle,and top of the slider. Click any one of these
icons to move the slider to that position.

Texture mapping with the Warp Amount set to 0 can be though of as unlimited
brush re-sizing and re-proportioning,depending on whether the brush retains its
previous shape(although larger or smaller)or not.

WARP LOCATOR
To the right of the Warp Amount slider is the Warp locator,with three buttons
above it;from left to right,those buttons are Point Warping,Horizontal Warping,
and Vertical Warping. These buttons and the locator determine the location and
kind of Warping present in your drawn shape or pasted brush or text.

The Point Warping button displays a small white square in the center of the
Warp Locator. When Point Warping is active,drag it anywhere in the Locator.

                52

Point Warping means that both the horizontal and vertical lines in the brush
are warped equally according to the setting of the Warp Amount Slider.

The Horizontal Warping button displays a vertical white bar in the center of
the Warp Locator. Click the Horizontal Warping button again to turn on Point
Warping. When the Horizontal Warping is active,it can be dragged anywhere in
the Locator. Horizontal Warping means that all of the horizontal lines of the
brush are warped to the degree specified by the warp amount slider,around the
vertical axis specified within the Warp Locator.

The Vertical Warping button displays a horizontal white bar in the Warp
Locator. Click the Vertical Hotspot button again to turn on Point Warping. When
Vertical Warping is active,it can be dragged anywhere in the Locator. Vertical
Warping means that all of the vertical lines of the brush are warped to the
degree specified by the warp Amount Slider,around the horizontal axis specified
within the Warp Locator.

                53

THE GALLERY
The picture "The Gallery" on the Transfer 24 disk shows just a few of the ways
that TxMap mode can be used:

Texture-Mapped Wood Floor-The floor of the room is nothing more than a Digi-
View Gold picture(it is the digitized base of the copy stand). The picture was
loaded as a custom brush and put down in perspective.

The Perspective Pictures in the Cube-These pictures were also loaded as custom
brushes and warped onto the opposing faces of the cube.

The Rainbow Balls-These balls seem to be leaving the famous "NewTeks" picture
because they were cut out and re-sized to appear larger than they actually are.

THE SHAPE TOOLS
Any Shape Tool can be used with TxMap,whether filled or unfilled. The warp
amount and location chosen for texture mapping are very important in creating
the best warping effects.

Freehand Continuous-Can be used for unusual shapes and to simulate more complex
objects. Once you've placed an image,use other drawing modes(such as Darken)or
the Transparency controls to blend the image into the rest of the picture.

Polygon-This is usually the best tool to use for perspective effects. The
trapezoid shape with warping set to 0 is the most common polygon for generating
the most realistic 3D effects.

Rectangle-This is the most commonly used shape for straight brush re-sizing
(with Warp Amount set to 0). The proportions of the original brush can be
altered to a great degree without affecting the quality of the re-mapped brush.

Circle and Ellipse-Useful for creating spherical effects. The best settings for
the warping controls are generally slight(10-25%)Warp Amount with Point Warping
set in the center.

SMOOTHING
When Smoothing is activated(this is only possible when you are in TxMap mode),
it allows you to anti-alias the custom texture-mapped brush and eliminate the
jaggies that would otherwise occur. Because re-draw of the custom brush takes a
little longer with Smoothing activated,it is best to leave it off until you
have finished experimenting with the warp control settings and are sure that
you have the final result. Smoothing affects all texture-mapping and tiling
operations.

TILING
The Tiling controls allow you to texture-map multiple copies of the custom
brush. You can select a format of from 1 to 9 copies either horizontally or
vertically by clicking on the arrows on the top and left borders of the Tiling
controls. Tiling also works with smoothing and is only available when you are
using TxMap mode.

                54

SUGGESTIONS
Here are a few suggestions that may lead you to develop some of your own
Texture-Mapping techniques.

More severe warping effects can be obtained by pasting down an image using
TxMap mode and warping at maximum,the click Scissors and Repeat. The image you
just created is turned into a custom brush. Now choose Copy This Brush from the
Swap sub-menu in the Brush menu. Select a shape tool and draw a new shape on
the screen. The previously warped image is warped even further into the new
shape,since the Warping control is still set to maximum.

Try texture mapping text brushes into free-hand shapes. This is a good way to
get some extremely unusual custom fonts.

INTERACTIVE TEXTURE MAPPING
The Warping Controls can work interactively(in real time)for unusual effects.
Activate TxMap mode(remember,you must first cut out a custom brush and then
copy it),then draw a new shape on the screen. The custom brush is texture
mapped into that area with the Warping Control settings applied. Now click
Undo,and then Repeat. Grab the Warping Point in the Warping Locator on the Warp
Amount Slider and move it around while the image is being drawn. The warping
effect moves around in the image as it is being drawn. Of course,this works
best if the image being drawn is large,so that you have enough time to make
these changes(turn on Smoothing to give you more time). Try using the Vertical
Warping bar and moving it up and down to create a wavy,rippling effect.

                55

            CHAPTER 7 TIPS AND HINTS

X-SPECS 3D COMPATIBILITY
Digi-Paint 3 is compatible with the X-Specs 3D manufactured by Haitex,Inc.
Digi-Paint 3 can be used to draw in thee dimensions while using X-Specs.

You must be in interlace mode for 3D drawing to work. The X-Specs create 3-D by
using alternate lines in the interlace mode for display to the left eye and the
right eye;the display is synchronized with very fast LCD shutters in the
eyeglasses.

The left eye sees the even lines,the right eye sees the odd lines. Press * to
turn on the X-Specs(press e to turn them off). Press the left parentheses key
(Shift-9) to draw for the left eye;press the right parentheses key(Shift-0)to
draw for the right eye. Create 3D effects by first pressing "shift-9" and
pasting down a brush. Then move it to one side about 5 to 10 pixels away,press
"shift-0" and paste it down for the other eye. Varying the amount of separation
between the two views creates a greater or lesser impression of depth. Some
experimentation will show you how to get the best use out of this feature.

WORKING WITH DIGI-VIEW GOLD
First of all,Digi-Paint 3 is the perfect companion to NewTek's Digi-View Gold
video digitizer.(If you don't already own Digi-View Gold,it's a combination of
hardware and software fo your Amiga that allows you to "digitize" objects or
pictures using a video camera,thus bringing the images into your Amiga.) Digi-
Paint 3 reads in any Digi-View picture,and can be used to touch up,edit or
combine such pictures. The Rub Thru mode is particularly useful to merge two
Digi-View pictures using the Transparency controls. Combine a digitized picture
of yourself or your friends with digitized pictures of the rich and famous. See
what you'd look like with different hair color or even a different hair style.
Or,for more commercial applications,you can digitize products and alter their
appearance to help make design decisions. Digi-Paint 3 now give you the
capability to edit the lifelike images you get from Digi-View,which lets you
get more out of your Digi-View.

RESOLUTION MODES
Digi-Paint 3 can load files of any resolution mode created by Digi-View. Hi-res
images(640x200 or 640x400)are re-rendered into HAM mode using a sophisticated
algorithm that creates an amazingly crisp picture. This conversion process uses
the Dithering currently selected;you may get better results with some pictures
by using patterm Dithering or no Dithering at all.

RAW FILES
Digi-Paint 3 cannot directly utilize Digi-View's raw RGB files. You must first
use the Transfer 24 software to load in the RGB file and save it in any
standard Amiga IFF resolution. You can also take the opportunity to manipulate
the file with the image processing tools available in the program.

                59

NORMAL PICTURE TO OVERSCAN
The resizing technique covered in tutorial #4 can be used to convert a standard
size pictue to overscan size. Set the screen size to one of the overscan
settings(say 384x240). Then load in a 320x200 picture. Select the entire
picture as a brush,and save it using Copy This Brush. Then use TxMap mode with
Smoothing on an draw out a new rectangle to the limits of the 384x240 Canvas.
Select the View command from the Picture menu to see the results.

CURING FLICKER
Interlace pictures can sometimes suffer from flickering. Use TxMap mode to
remove flicker. Select the picture as a brush,select Copy This Brush from the
Brush Swap menu,select TxMap mode and turn on Smoothing. Then select the Filled
Rectangle drawing mode and single pixel brush. Drag out the rectangle making it
either slightly larger or smaller than the original. The flicker in the
repainted image will be greatly reduced or gone.

ADVANCED PERSPECTIVE
The directions in the Perspective Tutorial give you a quick way to get
perspective effects. For even better results,pick up the image you get at the
end of the tutorial as a custom brush,use Copy This Brush,then use the
Horizontal Warping with Warp Amount at medium at stamp it down again. Then
Repeat using Darken mode with Transparency horizontally at the front to darken
the rear edge of the brush and not the front edge.

PERSPECTIVE FILL SCREEN
Use the Tiling Controls set to 9 by 9,use TxMap to draw a rectangle covering
the bottom two-thirds of the screen,with Warp Amount set to high,and the
Horizontal Warping at the bottom of the Warping Locator. This gives you the
effect of the brush receding off into the distance.

MAKING NON-INTERLACED PICTURES INTERLACED
Load a non-interlaced picture(for example,let's say 320x200). After the picture
is loaded go to the Size requester(from the Picture menu)and click the
Interlace button,the OK. The screen is redisplayed as interlace with the
picture in the upper half of the screen. Select the whole picture as a custom
brush and copy the brush. Select TxMap mode and draw out a new rectangle that
covers the whole screen. For even better results,turn on the Smoothing control.

LARGE TILES
To get more than 9 copies of a brush in a Tile,use Tiling again on the brush.
For example,if you want 12 copies of a brush vertically and horizontally,cut
out the custom brush,copy it,then activate TxMap and set the Tiling Controls to
6 by 6. Then stamp down the brush,click Scissors and click Repeat,then copy
this new brush and select 2 by 2 tiling,then stamp down the new brush.

MULTIPLE COLOR RANGES
To create color gradations with more than two main colors(and their
intermediate shades),use Range Colors in Range mode to draw part of what you
want. Then set a new Range Color. For instance,if you want a range from red to
yellow to blue in a rectangle,set a red to yellow range,draw half the rectangle,
then set a yellow to blue range and draw the other half of the rectangle.

                60

REVERSE RANGE TEXT
This effect uses Range Colors to bring out text against a background of the
same range. Select Range mode,then choose the Horizontal Hotspot and drag it to
the bottom of the Hotspot Locator in the Controls section of the Toolbox. Go to
the Text section and type in the title you want(a large display font works the
best;at least 24 point). When the text appears,select Copy This Brush from the
Swap sub-menu in the Brush menu. Go to the Controls and move the Horizontal
Hotspot to the top of the Hotspot Locator. Now go to the Tools and select the
Filled Rectangle tool and draw a rectangle about the size of the text you
created(it can be larger or smaller,if you prefer). Now select TxMap mode from
the mode menu and click Repeat. If you like,turn on the Smoothing in the
Controls menu before doing this. You now have text against a background where
the same color range goes in opposite directions.

MISCELLANEOUS TIPS
If you're not getting what you expect when you draw,check to see what Drawing
Mode you're in,or see if you've left the Transparency controls on. Press the
Tab key to return Digi-Paint 3 to its default settings.

The right mouse button cancels any operation in progress. Since Digi-Paint 3
draws things from the top down,this feature can be used to draw only the top
half of a brush or a shape.

Remember,with Merge Picture,the whole back picture is the paint that can act on
the front picture with any of the Mode menu features. Try bringing a picture
into the front using Transparency controls for a "soft-focus" effect.

The effects of Blur mode can be adjusted using the Transparency controls and
the Dithering controls.

When not in use with Range mode,the Range colors can be set up to hold a spread
of colors that you'll be using often.

Files can be opened by double-clicking on the file name and aborted by clicking
and holding the left mouse button.

Using the keyboard shortcuts saves time. When you find yourself reaching for
the same icon or menu item for the hundredth time,look in Appendix A for a
keyboard shortcut. Painting with two hands is faster than painting with one
hand.

Freehand drawing works rapidly,but if you release the mouse button and draw
again before the "Zz" cursor disappears,Digi-Paint 3 considers that as part of
the original brush stroke. A single Undo will remove all such paint from the
screen. This can be used to sign your name of the screen with Freehand drawing,
and then clear your name off the screen by clicking Undo.

When you hold down the right mouse button to display the menus,the program's
copyright information is displayed at the bottom of the screen. More
importantly,the current picture size and custom brush size are also shown.

                61

            CHAPTER 8 REFERENCE

The Reference section covers all of Digi-Paint 3's features in detail.
First,all of the Tools in the Toolbox are described,then all of the gadgets,
controls,and icons on the various screens. Finally,the Menus are presented in
detail.

The Reference Section is not designed to be read straight through. While all of
the informaion in here is useful,much of it may be known to you already by
virtue of experimentation or by working through the Tutorials presented
earlier. Skip through the parts that you're already familiar with. Browse
through interesting commands. Look in this section when you want to know how to
do something in Digi-Paint 3,but you aren't quite shure how the feature works.
In short,refer to this section for answers to the questions you encounter when
using the program.

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE MOUSE BUTTONS
Besides the normal functions of pointing and clicking and menu selection,the
right and left mouse buttons have some special functions in Digi-Paint 3:

LEFT MOUSE BUTTON
Clicking in either the current color bar or the range bar(between the left and
right range colors)gives you the Pick Color pointer. As long as you hold down
the left button,you will be able to select any color from the canvas and make
it your current color.

RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON
Clicking the right mouse button at any time there is a wait pointer(the cloud
of Z's)on the screen,will cancel the operation in progress. This includes the
repainting of brush strokes and file loads and directories.

Clicking the right mouse button after selecting magnify,but before locking down
the view,will close the magnify window.

Clicking the right mouse button in a file requester will close it and return
you to the toolbox and menu screen.

Terminating a paint stroke by clicking the right mouse button will instruct
Digi-Paint 3 to ignore repaint. This is useful if you want to make non-
connected brush stokes with different colors,and use them as a custom brush.
For example:choose red from the palette and draw a letter "h". Instead of
releasing the left mouse button,click the right mouse button. Then choose blue
and draw the letter "i"(dot the "i" using yellow after drawing the stem of the
letter in the same manner as you drew the "h")then click Scissors and Repeat to
pick up the entire word.

TOOLBOX
The Toolbox is at the bottom of the screen,below the Canvas. The Toolbox
contains the Tools,Gadgets,and Menus that give you all of Digi-Paint 3's
controls.

The Toolbox consists of two sections:the Color Strip and the four Command
sections. The four Command sections which appear by clicking on the appropriate
gadgets;these sections are Tools,Palette,Text Rendering,and Controls.

                65

When you fist load Digi-Paint 3,the Tools section is present and the other
three sections are hidden.

THE COLOR STRIP
The Color Strip is at the top of the Toolbox no matter what Command Section is
underneath. The left portion of the Color Strip shows the 16 colors of the
current palette in 16 small boxes. These 16 colors can be used anywhere in the
Canvas without using HAM modifiers(see Appendix B). Directly to the right of
the 16 colors is the Current Color Bar,showing the color currently selected for
use. Finally,at the far right of the Color Strip,the Range Colors are shown.

16 COLOR PALETTE
This is located at the left of the Color Strip. These 16 colors can be used
anywhere in the Canvas without using HAM modifiers. Select one of the 16 colors
as the current color by clicking on the desired color;the Current Color Bar
changes to indicate the color you select. To change one of the 16 colors use
the Copy Color command from the Palette menu(see Palette menu). Any of the
Amiga's 4096 colors can be used in the 16 Color Palette. When you save a
picture,the particular 16 Color Palette you have chosen is saved with the
picture.

CURRENT COLOR BAR
This bar,in the middle of the Color Strip,shows the current color selected for
use with the Tools. This color can be any one of the 4096 available. When you
select a new color(by clicking on one of the 16 colors,or by using the Pick
Color function)the Current Color Bar changes to the new color selected. By
pressing and holding the left mouse button when the pointer is on the Current
Color Bar,the Palette appears temporarily and the Pick Color function
activates. While you continue to hold the left mouse button,moving the pointer
over any color on the screen(in the Canvas or in the Palette)selects that
color.

                66

RANGE COLORS
This section of the Color Strip sets the range of colors used for the Range
drawing mode. The left-hand color is the Hotspot(see Transparency controls)of
the Range effect and the right-hand color is the edge of the Range effect.
Shown between these two colors is the range of colors used by Digi-Paint 3 for
the Range Mode drawing.

To set the colors used in the range,click on either Range Color;a white
highlight surrounds it. Then click on one of the 16 colors in the 16 Color
Palette,or click and hold on the Current Color Bar and drag the pointer to any
color on the screen. When you release the mouse button,the new color replaces
the selected Range Color. Be sure to de-select the Range Color by clicking it
again so that every new color you select doesn't change the Range Color.

The Range Colors are not used unless Range Mode is selected from the Mode menu.
When Range Mode is in use,the Current Color is ignored and the Range Colors are
used. The Transparency controls can be used to change the balance and
distribution of the Range Colors in the drawing.(see Transparency controls for
an explanation of how to control the Hotspot.)The Dithering(located on the
Controls screen)also affects the Range Colors;the default setting is random
Dithering.

THE TOOLS(Keyboard Equivalent:F1-Tools/Controls Toggle)
This section of the Controls contains the basic tools for applying paint to the
Digi-Paint 3 canvas. The top row in this section holds the various Shape Tools
and the Brush Shapes. The Shape Tools consist of the Freehand,the Freehand
Continous,the Polygon/Straight Line,the Rectangle,the Circle,and the Ellipse
tools. The Fill Gadget,to the right of the Ellipse,causes the shapes drawn with
the Shape Tools to be filled with the current color(or uses any of the other
Drawing Modes;see the Drawing Modes in the Menus section.

All of the Shape Tools are activated by clicking on them;the icon is
highlighted to show that the Tool is selected. When the Fill gadget is on,the
Shape Tools are shown with a filled icon,and any Shape drawn is filled with the
current color. To draw with any Shape Tool(except for the Polygon/Straight Line
Tool),select the Tool,then move the pointer to the Canvas. Press and hold the

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left mouse button as you move the brush in the desired shape. Release the
button when you are satisfied with the shape you've drawn.

FREEHAND(Keyboard Equivalent:s)
This tool creates freehand lines using the current brush and the current color.
These lines are subjected to the Drawing Mode in effect. This Tool is not
available when the Fill Gadget is activated. If you move the mouse very fast,
the line won't be continuous.

FREEHAND CONTINUOUS(Keyboard Equivalent:d-unfilled;D-filled)
This tool creates freehand lines using the current brush and the current color.
These lines are subjected to the Drawing Mode in effect. When the Fill Gadget
is activated,this Tool draws irregular shapes that are then filled with the
current color according to the Drawing Mode in effect(make sure that your
starting and ending points meet so you have a closed shape to fill). If you
draw very swiftly,the brush may fall behind your movements,but it catches up
with 100% accuracy,remembering exactly where you've been.

POLYGON/STRAIGHT LINE(Keyboard Equivalent:v-unfilled;V-filled)
This tool creates polygon of any shape and size using the current brush and
color;or it can be used to draw a straight line. To draw a straight line,click
anywhere in the Canvas to establish one end point. As you move the pointer,a
straight line is drawn out. Move the pointer until the line is the distance and
direction you want,then click the right mouse button and the line is drawn.

To create a polygon,click anywhere in the Canvas to establish the first corner
of the polygon. Drag out a straight line,in any direction and length,then click
the left mouse button to create another corner. Continue creating corners in
this manner until you have completed the next-to-last corner. Then put the
pointer where you want the last corner to appear and click the right mouse
button. The polygon is completed,with straight lines connecting all corners.
With complex polygons,it is best to actually complete the polygon before
clicking the right button,to make sure that the polygon is drawn as you want.

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When the Fill Gadget is activated,the polygon is filled with the current color
according to the Drawing Mode in effect(make sure that your starting and ending
points meet so you have a closed shape to fill).

RECTANGLE(Keyboard Equivalent:r-unfilled;R-Filled)
This tool draws rectangles of any size and proportions using the current brush
and color. To create a rectangle,click anywhere in the Canvas to establish the
first corner of the rectangle. Then drag the rectangle outline out to the
desired size and release the mouse button to complete the rectangle. When the
Fill Gadget is activated,the rectangle is filled with the current color
according to the Drawing Mode in effect.

CIRCLE(Keyboard Equivalent:c-unfilled;C-filled)
This tool draws a perfect circle of any size. To create a circle,click anywhere
in the Canvas and drag the circle outward to the desired size,then release the
mouse button to complete the circle. The point where you click first is the
center of the circle. When the Fill Gadget is activated,the circle is filled
with the current color according to the Drawing Mode in effect.

ELLIPSE(Keyboard Equivalent:e-unfilled;E-filled)
This tooldraws an ellipse of any size. To create an ellipse,click anywhere in
the Canvas and drag the ellipse outward to the desired size,then release the
mouse button to complete the ellipse. The ellipse can be elongated vertically
by moving the mouse pointer up or down,or elongated horizontally by moving the
mouse pointer left or right. The point where you click first is the center of
the ellipse. When the Fill Gadget is activated,the ellipse is filled with the
current color according to the Drawing Mode in effect.

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FILL(Keyboard Equivalent:f-off;F-on)
When this icon is activated,any shape drawn with the Shape Tools is filled with
the current color according to the Drawing Mode in effect. When the Fill Gadget
is highlighted,it is activated,and the Freehand Curve tool disappears. The
Shape Tool icons appear as "solid" shapes to show that the Fill gadget is
active. If Fill is turned on and the Repeat function is used,the repeated brush
stroke will be filled.

BRUSH SIZE SELECTOR(Keyboard Equivalents:"-"-smaller brush;"+"-larger brush)
The built-in Brush Shapes are available in seven different sizes. Sizes are
selected by clicking on one of the seven brush size icons. The leftmost icon is
the largest and the rightmost icon is the smallest. The size change affects all
of the built-in Brush Shapes save for the one-pixel brush,which always remains
one pixel in size.

By pressing and holding the left mouse button while the pointer is over the
Brush Size Selector,the current brush size is displayed. Move the mouse to the
left to increase the size of the brush,and move it to the right to decrease the
size of the brush. This shows you precisely the size of the brush before you
select it.

BRUSH SHAPES(Keyboard Equivalents:"/"-shape toggle;"."-one-pixel brush)
There are seven built in Brush Shapes available in Digi-Paint 3;select any of
the brushes by clicking on its icon. The first is the one-pixel brush;this
brush is not affected by the Brush Size Selector. Next are the horizontal line
brush,the vertical line brush,the left slant brush,the right slant brush,the
square brush and the round brush. The slant brushes are particularly useful for
calligraphy-type effects.

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CLOSE BOX(Keyboard Equivalent:Esc-Open/Close Toggle)
Clicking this icon(or pressing the Esc key)closes the Toolbox,leaving the
Canvas unobstructed. Clicking the right mouse button or pressing the Esc key
brings back the Toolbox.

CONTROLS(Keyboard Equivalent:F1-Tools/Controls Toggle)
Clicking this icon switches the Toolbox to the Controls section,described later
on in the Reference section.

TEXT RENDERING(Keyboard Equivalent:F2-Tools/Text Toggle)
Clicking this gadget switches the Toolbox to the Text Rendering section,
described later on in the Reference section.

PALETTE(Keyboard Equivalent:F3-Tools/Palette Toggle)
Clicking this gadget switches the Toolbox to the Palette section,described
later on in the Reference section.

UNDO(Keyboard Equivalent:F4)
This extremely powerful gadget reverses the effect of the last drawing
operation performed with the following exceptions:

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Directly after a file or brush load or save operation.
Directly after a swap screen operation.
Directly after a text to brush operation.

You can only Undo since the last time you clicked the mouse button in the
Canvas. The Undo gadget will not work on the CopyColor command from the Palette
menu;you must use the Undo from the Palette menu to reverse that operation. You
can Undo an Undo operation by clicking the gadget again.

REPEAT(Keyboard Equivalent:F5)
Activate this button to repeat the last drawing action on the screen. This may
not sound very useful until you realize that you can change colors or activate
different shading features and use the Repeat function to place the new colors
or shading effects in exactly the same place as your drawing action. Just like
Undo,this feature only works on the actions since your last mouse click in the
Canvas.

MAGNIFY(Keyboard Equivalent:m-magnify on/off toggle)
Clicking this gadget changes the pointer to a Magnifying Glass and activates
the Magnify screen. As you move the Magnifying Glass over the Canvas,the area
under the Magnifying Glass is displayed in the Magnify window at 8x
magnification. Bring the Magnifying Glass to the area on the screen you want to
see close up and click the left mouse button. The area selected is fixed in the
Magnify window.

Digi-Paint 3's Magnify screen can be treated exactly as any other normal Amiga
screen:it can be moved up or down with its top-line title bar by dragging with
the left mouse button pressed,and pushed to back with the front/back gadget in
the right hand corner of the title bar.

Display the Toolbox in the Magnify window by pressing the right mouse button.

All of the Tools work normally in the magnified area. You can scroll around in
the magnified area by moving the pointer over the magnify screen and using the
arrow keys on the keyboard.

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Return to the normal Canvas by clicking on the Magnify gadget again,by clicking
the Close gadget in the upper left corner of the Magnify window,or by pressing
the Esc key.

SCISSORS(Keyboard Equivalent:b)
The Scissors are used to create custom brushes,which can be any shape,size,or
number of colors. These custom brushes can then be pasted down anywhere in the
Canvas using the current Drawing Mode.

The Scissors work in conjunction with the current Shape Tool selected;thus,you
can have a freehand selection,a circular,ellipse or rectangular selection,or a
polygon selection. Click on the Shape Tool you want to use,then click the
Scissors to activate them. Then draw around the area you want as a custom brush
and release the mouse button. The area you've defined becomes a custom brush
attached to the pointer.

The Shape Tools cannot be used directly with this custom brush,but all of the
features in the Mode Menu can be used for some rather startling effects. To
remove the custom brush,click on one of the built-in brushes.

An easy way to pick up the shape you've just drawn without including any
background is to click the Scissors icon and then the Repeat icon. The last
object drawn is removed from the screen and turned into a custom brush.

MODE INDICATOR/COORDINATES(Keyboard Equivalent:g-toggle)
This shows the current Drawing Mode selected(see the Mode menu,later in the
Reference Section). Clicking on this displays the Coordinates(see the Prefs
menu,later in the Reference Section).

FRONT/BACK GADGET
This gadget controls which window is currently on top. Click the left part of
the gadget to bring up the Workbench;click the right half of the gadget to
bring that window to the front of the screen.

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TEXT RENDERING(Keyboard Equivalent:F2-Tools/Text Toggle)

FONTS(Keyboard Equivalent:i)
Click this icon to bring up the Font File Requester(see Figure 8.42 and the
File Requester description in this reference section for more details),with
which you can load in different Amiga fonts.

Point to the disk drive gadget which represents the drive in which your disk
with fonts is located. Click with the left mouse button and the files and
drawers available on the disk appear in the black area at the bottom of the
Font requester(they may already appear if you have used any Load requester
previously). Volumes and file drawers appear in white letters;fonts(and other
files)appear in gray letters. The name of the volume or drawer selected appears
in the black window to the right of the disk drive names. Click on a drawer
name with the left mouse button to open the drawer(a drawer is any word in
white that is not followed by a colon). The drawer name replaces the name of
the disk in the black window. Click on the name of a font(e.g.the font drawer
Diamond has 12 and 20 in it),and that font name appears in the black window to
the right of the window where the disk or drawer name appears. Most fonts come
in several sizes,so you will need to select one,which will appear in the
rightmost window at the top of the file requester. If the font you've just
selected is the one you want to open,then click on the words Open Font with the
left mouse button. There is a brief pause,then the Font requester disappears
and the font is now loaded.

Only one font can be loaded into Digi-Paint 3 at a time. If you have already
created a text brush befor loading a new font,you must click the Text to Brush
icon in order to use the new font for the current text brush.

SMOOTHING OFF/ON(Keyboard Equivalent:$-on/off toggle)
When the right half of this icon is activated,the font is automatically
anti-aliased by using colors selected from the palette to soften the edges and
give a much greater apparent resolution. This also results in a horizontal
compression of the text. When the left half of this icon is activated,Smoothing
is off and no anti-aliasing is used.

STYLE SELECTORS(Keyboard Equivalents:"%"-Bold toggle;"^"-Italics toggle;
"&"-Underline toggle)
These three icons affect the style of the text;the styles(from left to right)
are Bold,Italic,and Underline. Click on each one to activate it(when activated,
the icon is highlighted). Any or all of these Styles may be selected at one
time.

TEXT ENTRY WINDOW
When you click in the Text Entry Window to enter text there,the keyboard
commands are temporarily disabled. Any text you type is entered into this Text
Entry Window. When you have the text you want,click on the Text to Brush icon
to the immediate left of the text window(or press the Return key)and the text
is transformed into a custom brush on the pointer. Click anywhere in the screen
to stamp the text down in the current color and according to the current
Drawing Mode in effect. If the text you type is longer than the window,the text
scrolls. Use the arrow keys or point and click to move the cursor to a new
location in the text string.

Note that if you want to stamp the text down in a different color than the
color you used when creating the custom brush,you must select that new color
then click the Text to Brush icon again to recreate the custom brush of the
text with the new color. This is also true if you cange drawing modes,alter the
Transparency controls,or change other settings.

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TOOLS(Keyboard Equivalent:F1-Tools/Text Toggle)
Click this gadget to display the Tools section of the Toolbox.

THE PALETTE(Keyboard Equivalent:F3-Tools/Palette Toggle)
Underneath the 16 Color Palette are a range of colors based on those colors at
the top. They give a range of colors from the lightest to the darkest possible
that includes the color at the top. These colors may be chosen as the current
color merely by clicking on them. If you're looking for a shade just slightly
different from on of the colors in the 16 Color Palette,it's often easiest to
find it here.

RGB SLIDERS
These three sliders are located between the Tone Selector and the Color
Selectors at the bottom of the Palette Controls. The sliders,from left to
right,represent the Red,Green,and Blue values of the current color on a scale
from 0 to 15(which results in 4096 different possible combinations or colors).
These sliders change dynamically as the selected color changes. You can also
move these sliders to alter the Current Color by pointing to them and holding
down the left moust button while you drag them up or down. This is another way

                76

to select a desired color.

PICK COLOR(Keyboard Equivalent:",")
Activate this button next to the Front/Back gadget to pick a color from the
screen;this saves you the trouble of trying to figure out exactly what color
you want by trying to use the Color Menus. Once the pointer appears,hold down
the left mouse button as you move the pointer across the screen. You'll see the
colors change in the Current Color Bar and the RGB Sliders. Once you release
the left mouse button,the selected color is chosen,and you can then use any of
the brushes to draw in that color.

After you select Pick Color,you can close the Toolbox by pressing the Esc key
so that you can pick a color from anywhere on the screen.

COLOR SELECTORS
These three large squares at the right of the Palette Controls represent
portions of the 4096 colors available in Digi-Paint 3. Since thousands of
colors can't be shown in a small area,these squares change dynamically as you
move the pointer over them while holding down the left mouse button. As you
move toward the color you want,the other squares show all possible shades of
that color. When you move around the leftmost square,the red value of the color
stays constant while the blue and green components change. Similarly,the center
square holds the Green component steady,and the rightmost square holds the Blue
component steady. You can see the RGB Sliders move as you move around the Color
Selector,and this can guide your color choice. When you release the mouse
button,the last color selected appears in the Current Color Bar.

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CONTROLS(Keyboard Equivalent:F1-Tools/Control toggle)

DITHERING(Keyboard Equivalents:"!"-off;"@"-pattern;"#"-random)
Clicking the left part of this icon selects a regular pattern for mixing colors
when you are using the Range,Lighten,Darken,Colorize,RubThru,Blur,or TxMap
drawing modes. Clicking the right part of this icon selects a random pattern
for mixing colors when you are using the Range drawing mode. If neither part of
the icon is selected,no dithering is used(color transitions occur in smooth
bands). Dithering(especially random dithering)adds more colors to the screen by
using a mixture of two colors to simulate a third color. This process makes the
results of color transformations more accurate. Digi-Paint 3 uses 30 bits per
pixel accuracy(over 1 billion colors)to calculate dither patterns.

SMOOTHING OFF/ON(Keyboard Equivalent:"/"-off;"?"-on)
When the right half of this icon is activated,the drrawing created is
automatically anti-aliased by using colors selected from the palette to soften
the edges and give a much greater apparent resolution. When the left half of
this icon is activated,Smoothing is off and no anti-aliasing is used. This
function is only available when you are in TxMap drawing mode.

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TILE CONTROLS
The Tile Controls allow you to paste down the custom brush in multiple copies
(up to 9 by 9). This is done with whatever degree of Warping is used with the
Warping Controls. Tiling is only active when TxMap Mode is on. First of all,you
must make a custom brush,then use the Copy This Brush command under the Swap
sub-menu in the Brush menu. This creates a copy of the custom brush,and enables
TxMap in the Mode menu. Pull down TxMap from the Mode menu and go to the
Controls section of the Toolbox. The Tile controls are now active.

Click on the arrows at the top of the Tile Controls to increase or decrease the
number of copies horizontally;click the arrows to the left of the Tile Controls
to increase or decrease the number of copies vertically. Choose any Shape Tool
from the Toolbox,activate Fill,and draw a shape on the Canvas. The custom brush
is drawn into that shape with the indicated number of copies. For instance,if
you have 2 chosen for the horizontal copies and 3 for the vertical copies,
you'll end up with six copies of the original custom brush within the new shape
you've drawn.

The Smoothing and Dithering controls also affect the results of Tiled brushes.

WARPING CONTROLS

WARP ENABLE
These controls are only operative when TxMap(texture mapping)Mode is active. To
begin,you must first select a custom brush using the Scissors(as described
earlier)and make a copy of it(using the Copy This Brush command under the Swap
sub-menu in the Brush menu). Then pull down TxMap from the Mode Menu.

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WARP AMOUNT
The Warping Slider on the left of the Warping Controls determines the amount of
warping in the resulting image,from none to severe;the most severe warping is
at the top of the slider. The three icons to the left of the slider are preset
positions at the bottom,middle,and top of the slider. Click any one of these
icons to move the slider to that position.

WARP DIRECTION
The Warping Direction controls across the top of the Warping Locator(the large
area to the right of the Warping Slider)determine the position of the "warping
point";that is,the point or axis along which the picture is warped. The icon on
the left is Point Warping,meaning that the image is warped both horizontally
and vertically. The icon in the middle is Horizontal Warping,and the icon on
the right is Vertical Warping. Choose any one of these and then move the
resulting Warping Point in the Warping Locator,the large area below these
icons.

When you have adjusted these controls to your satisfaction,click in the Canvas
and drag out the outline of the current Shape Tool you've selected to any size
and release the mouse button. The custom brush that you copied is then
displayed with the warping determined by the TxMap controls.

When these controls are active,the Tiling Controls are also activated. The
Dithering and Smoothing controls also affect the results of the Warping
Controls and TxMap operations.

TRANSPARENCY CONTROLS
These controls determine the amount of transparency present when you draw or
paste,and also the placement of the "hotspot" of the transparency. In addition,
these controls affect the placement of Range Colors when the Range painting
mode is active.

The left-hand vertical slider and the three icons to its left control the
Hotspot transparency. At the bottom of the slider the Hotspot is entirely
transparent,and at the top of the slider the Hotspot is entirely solid. The
three icons to the left of the slider are preset positions at the bottom(100%
transparent),middle(50%) transparent),and top(opaque)of the slider. Click any

                80

one of these icons to move the slider to that position. The right-hand vertical
slider works the same way but controls the transparency of the Edge of the
drawn shape or pasted brush.

In the middle of the Transparency controls is the Hotspot Locator,with four
buttons above it;from left to right,those buttons are the Off button,the Point
Hotspot,the Vertical Hotspot,and the Horizontal Hotspot. Once the Hotspot shape
is selected,it can be positioned anywhere inside the locator by clicking on it
with the left mouse button and dragging it to the desired location.

MENUS
This section explains each of the menu commands available. The menus appear
when you press the right mouse button;move the pointer to the desired menu and
the commands available on the menu are displayed. Move the pointer down until
the command you want is highlighted,then release the mouse button and the
command is activated. Some commands have submenus,which appear when you move
the pointer over that command. To select a command on a submenu,move the
pointer to the right until the command you want is highlighted,then release the
button and the command is selected. Some menu commands may be checked or
starred;this means that command is currently in effect(for instance,the current
drawing mode is shown with an asterisk).

FILE REQUESTER
Digi-Paint 3's file requester appears in 5 instances:Picture Loading and
Saving. Brush Loading and Saving and Font Loading. The File Requester works
identically in all of these instances,except as noted in the individual
reference listings for these functions.

In the upper left corner of the File Requester is the Close Box;clicking here
with the left mouse button closes the File Requester and returns you to the
Toolbox. Directly to the right of the close gadget are three disk drive gadgets
df0:,df1:,and dh0:-referring to the first,second,and hard disk drives of your
Amiga. Clicking any of these gives you a directory of files located in that
drive.

The files and drawers available on the disk appear in the black area at the
bottom of the File Requester. Volume names(which are followed by a colon)and
file drawers appear in white letters;file names appear in gray letters. The
name of the disk appears in the black window to the right of the disk drive
gadgets.

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Click on a drawer name with the left mouse buttom to open the drawer. The
drawer name replaces the name of the disk in the black window. Click on the
name of a file,and that file name appears in the black window to the right of
the window where the disk or drawer name appears. If the file you've just
selected is the one you want to open,then click on the words Open File with the
left mouse button.

OTHER FEATURES OF THE FILE REQUESTER
Clicking on the "/" that's between the disk drive gadgets and the window where
the disk name appears,moves you from the directory of the drawer that you're in
back to the directory of the whole disk(or the next "higher" drawer,if you're
using nested drawers).

Click on the ":" button to go to the root directory of the current selected
volume.

If there are more file names than the black file name area can hold,the gray
bar to the left of those names can be used to scroll the window showing the
file names. Point to this gray bar and hold down the left mouse button,then
drag it up or down to scroll the file names.(Nothing happens unless there are
more file names than the window can show.)

If you have already seen the file or directory that you want during the listing
of a large directory,clicking the right mouse button or pressing the space bar
will abort the rest of the listing.

Double-clicking a file name will also cause it to open.

Clicking on the left side Foreground/Background gadget in the upper right-hand
corner of the file requester will move you back to the Amiga Workbench screen
if it is still open;this makes it easy to format a blank disk if you've
forgotten to do so before saving a picture or brush.

PICTURE MENU
This menu controls various operations concerned with the picture,including
loading,saving,printing,and the screen size.

LOAD(Keyboard Equivalent:1)
Activating this command brings up the File Requester(see Figure 8.42 and the
File Requester description in this reference section for more details),with
which you can call up picture files that you have saved on disk(or files that
someone else created and saved on disk).

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Point to the disk drive gadget which contains the disk with the picture file
you want to load. Click with the left mouse button,and the drive whirs for a
moment and the files and drawers available on the disk appear in the black area
at the bottom of the Load Requester.

Click on a drawer name with the left mouse button to open the drawer. The
drawer name replaces the name of the disk in the black window. Click on the
name of a file,and that file name appears in the black window to the right of
the window where the disk or drawer name appears. If the file you've just
selected is the one you want to open,then click on the words Open File with the
left mouse button.

There is a brief pause,then the File Requester disappears and a small requester
appears. The Load Palette From File button is already selected;if you don't
want to use the palette taken from the file,click it to turn it off so that the
picture uses the palette currently in Digi-Paint 3(see the section on Color
Palette for more information). Keeping the current palette allows you to use
the current colors you have selected as the 16 Color Palette;the incoming
picture may have some "color fringing"(see Appendix B)because it is not using
its original palette.

If the picture is in hi-res(640x200 or 640x400 resolution),a button labeled
Shrink Hi-res to Lo-res appears in the requester. Select that button to remap
the picture into Lo-Res mode. This process uses sophisticated color routines to
give results that are almost identical to the original file. If you don't
select this,the picture is loaded in as a super bitmap in its original
dimensions.

Click OK to load the file;click Cancel to return to the File requester.

When you click OK and the picture is a different size than the current Canvas,
another message requester appears,saying Change Screen Size? Click either the
Yes or No button. If you select Yes,then Digi-Paint 3 changes the Canvas to
conform to the size of the picture file. If you click the No button,then Digi-
Paint 3 loads in as much of the picture as it can into the current Canvas
starting from the upper left-hand corner.

If you select "Yes",and you have an active swap screen,another requester
appears:

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Selecting OK,do size change changes the screen size and deletes the swap
screen. Selecting CANCEL size changes instructs Digi-Paint 3 to load in as much
of the file as it can into the current screen format,starting with the upper
left-hand corner.

SAVE(Keyboard Equivalent:p)
The Save command is used to store the work you've done in a file on the disk,
so that your work may be called up again by Digi-Paint 3,or called up from
another program such as Digi-View Gold. The Save File Requester is identical to
the Load File Requester in its appearance and function(see figure 8.42 and the
File Requester description in this reference section for more details),except
that the words Open File have been replaced with Save File. Type in a new name
for the file you want in the File Name Window by first clicking in that window
with the left mouse button,then typing the name you want. Then press Return to
save the file,or point to Save File and press the left mouse button. If your
disk is full and has no more room for files,Digi-Paint 3 warns about this when
you try to save the file. It's generally a good idea to have some data disks
formatted and ready just in case you run out of room on your disk.

PRINT
To print the picture that's on your Digi-Paint 3 screen,select this menu item.
Make sure your printer is already connected before using this feature. A
requester appears that asks for the number of copies you want to print. Click
on the arrows to change this number up or down. The number of copies can be
changed at any time during the printing process. Click OK to print;click Cancel
at any time to stop the printing process and return to the Toolbox.

The Workbench included on the Digi-Paint 3 disk has Preference settings for
most of the popular printers available for use with the Amiga. Please refer to
the Amiga Users Manual if you have any questions about how to set up
Preferences to work with your particular printer.

QUIT
Select this menu item to exit Digi-Paint 3 and return to the Workbench. A
message appears when you select Quit,asking if you really want to quit. Click
Yes to quit;click No to return to the Toolbox. CAUTION:If you haven't saved the
file you've been working on,you'll lose that file when you quit.

VIEW(Keyboard Equivalent:o-normal overscan;O-severe overscan)
This option sets the Amiga to the overscan display mode. It displays more of
the picture by shifting it up and to the left,thereby filling the overscan

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borders.

SIZE
This brings up the Size Requester(see Figure 8.47),where you can change the
size of the Canvas.

The horizontal number of pixels is shown in the left-hand box. Click the left
arrow to decrease the size,and click the right button to increase the size. To
the right of this box is the vertical number of pixels;click the large down
arrow to decrease the number of pixels in large increments,or click the small
down arrow to decrease the number of pixels in large increments,or click the
small down arrow to decrease the number of pixels in small increments. The up
arrows to the right increase the number of vertical pixels in a similar manner.
The Restore button resets the screen size to its default(320x200)setting. Click
the Interlace button to have the screen  displayed in interlace mode(it is
highlighted when selected). The next box shows the screen size selected. Click
OK to accept the new size and return to the Toolbox. If you selected a new size
that is smaller than the previous picture size,portions of the picture are lost
as the screen size is reduced. If you choose a larger size than the current
picture,the picture appears in the upper left corner of the new screen size.
Click Cancel to return to the Toolbox without changes.

CLEAR(Keyboard Equivalent:K)
This command clears the Canvas to the current selected color. All drawing on
the Canvas is lost(Undo will retrieve the image). The Swap Screen and the Brush
Copy are unaffected by this command.

SWAP(Keyboard Equivalent:j)
This submenu item controls the Swap Screen that Digi-Paint 3 makes available to
you. In essence,you can have two pictures present in Digi-Paint 3 at the same
time,one in "front" and one in "back". The Swap submenu gives you the following
commands:Exchange Pictures,Copy This Picture,Delete Other Picture,and Merge
Pictures,Exchange Pictures will switch the front and back pictures. Copy This
Picture is the only feature active when you start up using Digi-Paint 3 to the
spare screen. Using this feature to copy whatever is in the current screen of
Digi-Paint 3 to the spare screen. Using this feature requires extra memory,
which may not be available if the screen is very large(or in a 512K machine).
If the Swap Screen is not available,the screen flashes when you try to use
it,telling you that there's not enough memory to create a Swap Screen.

For instance,load the Lady picture,then select Copy This Picture. The picture
will be copied to the spare screen. When this happens,you'll notice that the

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RubThru button is no longer grayed out(see RubThru). Now use Clear to clear the
front screen to the color selected. Scribble on this screen with any brush,then
go back to the Swap menu and use the Exchange Pictures command to switch the
front and back pictures. Delete Other Picture will remove the picture stored in
the spare screen and free up the memory allocated,while Merge Pictures will
merge the front and back pictures using the operation chosen from the Mode
Menu. With Merge,the whole back picture is the "paint"(see the Mode Menu
section for a more detailed explanation).

BRUSH MENU

LOAD(Keyboard Equivalent:L)
Activating this command brings up the Load Brush File Requester,where you can
call up custom brushes that you have saved on disk(or files that someone else
created and saved on disk). The Load Brush File Requester is identical to the
File Requester in its appearance and function(see Figure 8.42 and the File
Requester description in this reference section for more details),except that
the words Open File have been replaced with Open Brush.

Point to the disk drive name where your disk with brush files is located. Click
with the left mouse button,and the files and drawers available on the disk
appear in the black area at the bottom of the File Requester.

Click on a drawer name with the left mouse button to open the drawer. The
drawer name replaces the name of the disk in the black window. Click on the
name of a file,and that file name appears in the black window to the right of
the window where the disk or drawer name appears. If the file you've just
selected is the one you want to open,then click on the words Open Brush with
the left mouse button.

The brush loads in from the disk and appears attached to your pointer. The
brush can then be used just as any other custom Brush(see the Scissors icon in
the Toolbox section).

SAVE(Keyboard Equivalent:P)
The Save command is used to store the custom brush you've created in a file on
the disk,so that the brush can be called up again for use in another picture.
The Save Brush File Requester is identical to the Load File Requester in its
appearance(see Figure 8.42 and the File Requester description in this reference
section for more details),except that the words Open File have been replaced
with Save Brush. Type in a new name for the brush you want in the File Name
Window by first clicking in that window with the left mouse button,then typing

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the name you want. Then press Return to save the brush,or point to Save Brush
and press the left mouse button. If your disk is full and has no more room for
files,Digi-Paint 3 warns about this when you try to save the file. It's
generally a good idea to have some data disks formatted and ready just in case
you run out of room on your disk.

NOBACKGROUND(Keyboard Equivalent:t-off;T-on)
This command makes the background color(color 0)of the brush transparent when
the brush is cut out. It is very useful when you have an unusual shape to cut
out from a normal background(a doughnut shape,for example). You need not
carefully trace the shape;just turn on NoBackground and cut it out roughly.
Anywhere that color 0 occurs inside the area you cut becomes transparent.

The background color is always color 0,which in the default palette is black
(the leftmost color in the 16 Color Palette). Use the CopyColor command from
the Palette menu to change color 0.

SWAP(Keyboard Equivalent:J)
This submenu item controls the custom brush Copy that Digi-Paint makes
available to you. In essence,you can have two brushes present in Digi-Paint 3
at the same time,one displayed and one saved. The Swap submenu gives you the
following commands:Exchange Brush,Copy This Brush,and Delete Swap Brush. These
commands are only available when you have cut out a custom brush.

Exchange Brush switches the current and swap brushes. Copy This Brush is the
only feature active when you cut out a custom brush and have not yet used any
of the Swap commands;use it to copy the current custom Brush to the "swap
brush". Delete Swap Brush removes the brush stored as the swap brush and frees
up the memory allocated to it. Restore Swap Brush displays the swap brush;the
currently displayed brush is deleted.

PALETTE MENU

These commands control changing colors in the 16 Color Palette.

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COPY COLOR
This command is used to enter colors into the 16 Color Palette. Digi-Paint
allows you a palette of 16 colors that can be used anywhere on the screen
without causing a "fringe" color effect(see Appendix B for a more detailed
explanation). To use CopyColor,first select the color that you want to put into
the palette(use the Color Selector or the PickColor function;see elsewhere in
the Reference section for details). Select CopyColor from the Palette menu;the
pointer changes to a pointer with a question mark. Click on the color in the 16
Color Palette that you want replaced. After a moment,the color is replaced in
the palette and wherever it occurs in the painting. If you do this with an
existing painting,this will generally mess up the picture somewhat(especially
if the new color is very different from the old color). Use the Undo command
from the Palette menu to reverse this choice.

To change the color that is considered transparent for the NoBackground
function,make the color that is to be transparent the current color. Then
select CopyColor to get the pointer with the question mark. While the pointer
is in this form,select NoBackground from the Brush menu and the color you
selected will be transparent for the purpose cutting out brushes.

REMAP
This command can be used after you have changed one or more of the 16 Palette
colors. Remap uses the new palette colors to try and recreate the original
picture's colors. This feature is handy if you want to adjust the palette to
include new colors while you keep the original picture intact. Remap is
particularly important when working with digitized images. If you need to put
new colors into the palette,try to replace colors that are similar to other
colors in the palette:when you Remap,the difference between the new picture and
the original is minimized.

UNDO
This Undo the effects of any CopyColor or Remap operations.

EFFECT MENU

This menu affects the current custom brush. If no custom brush is selected,then
nome of these commands are available.

FLIP HORIZONTAL(Keyboard Equivalent:x)
This command flips the current custom brush around a vertical axis.

FLIP VERTICAL(Keyboard Equivalent:y)
This command flips the current custom brush around a horizontal axis.

ROTATE 90 DEGREES(Keyboard Equivalent:z-clockwise;Z-counter-clockwise)
This command rotates the current custom brush 90 degrees in the clockwise or
counter-clockwise direction,depending on the submenu item you choose. If you
want to flip a custom brush 180 degrees,it is faster to Flip Horizontal and
then Flip Vertical.

MODE MENU

These drawing modes are very powerful ways to create and alter paintings. Their
effect extends to all of the Shape Tools,Brushes(including custom brushes)and
text. The current drawing mode is displayed in the Mode Indicator box present
in the Tools and Text sections of the Toolbox,in the lower right-hand corner.
It's important to keep track of what drawing mode is in use;otherwise you could
get unexpected results when you draw.

Most of the drawing modes are affected by the Dithering settings found in the
Controls section of the Toolbox;the exceptions are Normal,And,Or,and Xor
drawing modes.

NORMAL(Keyboard Equivalent:"'" or "~")
This is the default drawing mode,where the paint you apply to the Canvas is the
current color you have selected. If you are using a custom brush,the custom
brush is applied to the Canvas using all the colors in the custom brush.

RANGE(Keyboard Equivalent:1)
This drawing mode applies paint to the screen using the Range Colors on the
Color Strip. While in this drawing mode,the Current Color is not used;only the
Range Colors. Use the Transparency controls to change the location of the left
most Range Color(see Transparency controls for a complete explanation). The

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Point Hotspot in the Transparency controls is automatically turned on when you
enter this drawing mode. If you turn off the Hotspot,then only the right-hand
Range Color is used(though if Dithering is on,you may see specks of other
colors).

If you are using a custom brush,the Range Colors are stamped down in the shape
of the custom brush(but using none of the colors of the custom brush).

This drawing mode can be used to crete highlighting effects,backgrounds with
graduated shades of multiple colors,or other lighting effects.

LIGHTEN(Keyboard Equivalent:2)
This lightens the color of the screen in the area where you apply paint. This
functions is very useful with the Repeat command,so that you can lighten an
area you've just drawn.

If you are using a custom brush,lighten uses only the shape of the custom brush
(but none of the colors of the custom brush).

DARKEN(Keyboard Equivalent:3)
This darkens the color of the screen in the area where you apply paint. This
function is very useful with the Repeat command,so that you can darken an area
you've just drawn.

If you are using a custom brush,Darken uses only the shape of the custom brush
(but none of the colors of the custom brush).

COLORIZE(Keyboard Equivalent:4)
This mode changes color values(chrominance)on the screen without affecting
their brightness(luminance). The new color is the same as your current value,
but with the same brightness as the old color. This is a very powerful feature
that can be used for such things as colorizing a black and white picture,as
shown in the tutorial. Or you can use this to change the colors of an area on
the Canvas. Colorize is affected by the Dithering controls,so if you want a
pure color turn off Dithering.

If you are using a custom brush,Colorize uses only the shape of the custom
brush(but none of the colors of the custom brush)with the Current Color.

RUBTHRU(Keyboard Equivalent:5)
This mode is only active when you have a second picture in your Swap Screen.
You must choose Copy This Picture from the Swap submenu of the Picture menu in
order to activate RubThru brings portions of the "back" picture to the "front"
screen(the one that you're looking at). Activate RubThru and then use any of
the Transparency features,Fill,or any brush. The Transparency controls can be
used with RubThru to create very misty montage effects.

If you are using a custom brush,RubThru uses only the shape of the custom brush
(but none of the colors of the custom brush).

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BLUR(Keyboard Equivalent:6)
This Mode softens the edges of all color transitions,acting like a watercolor
overlay on the painting. Using this effect repeatedly(by clicking the Repeat
key)cretes a very watery effect. Note that the Transparency controls can reduce
the amount of Blur being used in an area.

If you are using a custom brush,Blur uses only the shape of the custom brush
(but none of the colors of the custom brush).

TXMAP(Keyboard Equivalent:7)
This drawing mode allows you warp or resize any custom brush,and fit it into
any shape you draw(including text). In order to activate this mode,you must
first make a custom brush(using the Scissors,as described elsewhere in the
Reference section). Then use the Copy this Brush command from the Swap submenu
on the Brush menu to create a copy of the custom brush. Now the TxMap command
is available on the Mode menu. After you select TxMap,switch to the Controls
section of the Toolbox. There you will see that the Warping controls are
available,as well as the Tile Pattern controls and the Smoothing controls. The
use of these controls is described further in the Controls section of the
Reference section.

Remember that each time you use TxMap,it is operating on the copy of the
original custom brush. If you cut out a new custom brush and then paste it
down,the TxMap maps the original custom brush onto the shape of the new custom
brush using the Warping Controls settings. The effects of this can get rather
complicated,especially if you also have the Transparency controls turned on.

AND(Keyboard Equivalent:8)
This drawing mode is similar to using a colored filter(of the Current Color)on
the area of the Canvas affected. If you are using a custom brush,And uses only
the shape of the custom brush(but none of the colors of the custom brush)with
the Cureent Color.

Technically,And is a binary operation that compares the RGB numbers of the
paint to the screen. This command operates on the RGB values as binary numbers;
that is,And converts the base 10 RGB values into binary,then compares the
binary values of the paint and the screen pixels. In this case,the result of
the comparison is a 1 only if both of the numbers are ones. The effect of And
is to push the affected colors in the direction of the paint you're using. And
is also useful to remove other colors. For instance,if you And with Red 15
(Green & Blue at 0),the result will be the pure red separation of the picture.

OR(Keyboard Equivalent:9)
This drawing mode is similar to blending light sources(of the Current Color)on
the area of the Canvas affected. If you are using a custom brush. Or uses only
the shape of the custom brush(but none of the colors of the custom brush)with
the Current Color.

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Technically,this command operates on the RGB values as binary numbers;that
is,Or convers the base 10 RGB values into binary,then compares the binary
values of the paint and the screen pixels. If either or both of the binary
digits are 1,the result is a one. The effect is usually to add color,but this
will vary depending on the RGB values of your paint.

XOR(Keyboard Equivalent:0)
This drawing mode creates a negative effect(of the Current Color)on the area of
the Canvas affected. If you are using a custom brush,XOR uses only the shape of
the custom brush(but none of the colors of the custom brush)with the Current
Color.

Use pure white with XOR to create a negative effect on the picture. Some very
interesting false color effects can be created by XOR with other colors like
red or blue.

This function is perhaps the strangest of all of the mode functions. The title
(pronounced Ex-or)refers to a function in mathematical logic called an
"exclusive-or" operation. This command operates on the RGB values as binary
numbers;that is,XOR converts the base 10 RGB values into binary,then compares
the binary values of the paint and the screen pixels. Those of you familiar
with binary logic should be able to take it from there. The rest of us will
have to be content with experimentation to determine exactly what XOR does. For
the most part,XOR will reverse the colors of the area you act upon;this is
especially the case if you use a white brush(RGB values of 15).

PREFS MENU

This menu controls some of the basic settings of Digi-Paint 3.

CLOSE WORKBENCH
This command closes the Workbench,thus free-ing more memory for Digi-Paint 3.
This is very handy if you have a particularly large Canvas or only 512K of
memory. If this command is selected,then Digi-Paint 3 always tries to keep the
Workbench closed.

OPEN WORKBENCH
If you need to open the Workbench,use this command. Note that opening the
Workbench uses up some memory which Digi-Paint 3 could use for the Canvas. When
this command is selected,Digi-Paint 3 always tries to keep the Workbench open.

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COORDINATES(Keyboard Equivalent:g-coordinates/mode toggle)
This command activates or deactivates the coordinates,which appear in the
Toolbox window replacing the Mode Indicator(clicking the Mode Indicator also
brings up the Coordinates). The coordinates show the distance in pixels from
the upper left corner of the Canvas. When you begin to draw,the coordinates
become relative to the starting point of the drawing. If the Toolbox has
disappeared as you draw,press the Esc key or right mouse button to bring it
back so that you can see the coordinates.

GENLOCK
This command forces Digi-Paint 3 to ignore color 0 and never use it in any
painting operation while this command is active. If you are using a genlock
device,then all areas of color 0 in the picture are replaced with the other
video source being brought in by the genlock. This command lets you use all of
Digi-Paint 3's features without leaving "color 0 holes" in a genlocked image.
(Note:color 0 is the leftmost color in the 16 Color Palette.)

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            CHAPTER 9 TRANSFER 24

INTRODUCTION

The Transfer 24 software contains much of the image-processing capabilities of
New Tek's award-winning Digi-View Gold software. Adding the Transfer 24
software to Digi-Paint 3 gives you a complete set of painting and image-
processing tools. Those of you who already have Digi-View 3.0 software will
notice that the changes are minor,and if you know how to use Digi-View,you
already know how to use Transfer 24.

GETTING STARTED

Before you begin,make a working copy of the Transfer 24 disk using the standard
AmigaDOS copy procedures.

Load the Transfer 24 program by double-clicking the program icon. The startup
screen appears,where you can choose the resolution mode(see Figure 9.01).

Click on the Off or On buttons for each entry. The selected buttons are
highlighted. As you choose different options,the numbers inside the Width and
Height buttons change to reflect those options. You can also click the width
and height buttons repeatedly to cycle through all the available sizes in that
dimension. Click OK to accept the settings and enter Transfer 24;click Exit to
return to the Workbench. These settings control the pixel resolution of the
screens;the color resolution(for instance,32 color or HAM)is controlled from
within Transfer 24.

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PROJECT MENU

NEW
Pulling down this menu item clears the Amiga's memory of any images currently
in Transfer 24,CAUTION:If you haven't saved the image on the screen before you
use New,the image is lost.

LOAD
Pull down this menu item to bring in IFF(Interchange File Format)or Digi-View
and Digi-View Gold RGB and IP files that you've stored on a disk.(IFF files are
a standard format on Amiga graphics programs;any IFF image can be brought into
Transfer 24.)When you activate this item,the Load requester will appear.

The requester says Load IFF at the top,and below that all of the files on the
disk are displayed. If there are more files on the disk than can be displayed
in the window,drag the gray bar to the right of the window and more file names
will be revealed. File names will be in a dark color,while drawers will be in a
light color(files are often stored in drawers;see your Amiga manual for more
information). If the file you want is in a drawer,simply click on the drawer
name the contents of that drawer will be displayed. If you want to return to
the "outside" of the drawer(the root directory),click on the button at the
bottom of the Load requester with the disk drive name on it(the first internal
disk drive is named df0:;the second drive is named df1:;and the hard disk drive
is named dh0:). When you click on the file name that you want to load,the name
appears in the File window. The disk name will appear in the Drawer window only
if you've switched drives by clicking on the drive buttons,and the drawer name
(if any)will appear instead of the drive name.

When you have the file name in the window,click on Load and the file will be
loaded into Transfer 24. If you don't want to load a file at all,click Cancel
and you'll be returned to the Transfer 24 screen.

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Loading an IFF file will automatically convert it to the current resolution
mode and number of colors that you have set in the Controls requester. This
format conversion is a very useful feature. Once you've converted a file,you
can then save it out(usually under a different name to preserve the original).

In order to convert your picture to the current resolution mode without the
bottom and left sides being cut off or left black,make sure that you have saved
the picture from Digi-Paint 3 as an even multiple(for shrinking)or sub-multiple
(for enlarging)of the new resolution mode in both the horizontal and vertical
directions.

Examples:
If your current resolution is        Make sure your picture size is
320x400                    640x200,320x200,etc.
384x200                    768x400,384x400,etc.
704x480                    352x240,704x240,etc.

Note that Transfer 24 cannot load in all super bitmap pictures created by Digi-
Paint 3. The maximum size picture allowable in Transfer 24 is 768x480 pixels.

SAVE
This menu item allows you to save digitized images as an IFF file that can be
ready by other IFF-compatible programs. The requester is the same as the Load
requester,except for two things;the top of the requester is labeled Save,and
the button on the bottom left-hand corner of the requester is labeled Save. The
title of the requester will change,showing the number of colors you are saving
in the image. To save the file,first make sure that you are saving to the
correct disk. Click the drive buttons below the file window to see the contents
of each disk. When you have the drive correctly assigned,click in the File
window and a cursor will appear. Type in the name you want to use for the file,
then click on Save. Remember to use a different name than any existing file,
unless you want to erase a current file. The name cannot be longer than the
window. It helps to use names that are easily remembered.

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LOAD PALETTE:This menu item loads the palette associated with an image into the
Palette controls. As you'll see later in the Controls menu,you can display an
image in 32 colors or less. Once you've constructed that particular color
palette,you can use the identical palette by activating Load Palette and
selecting the file that you want from the Load requester that appears. Select
the file name and click Load,just as you would load a file. Nothing appears to
have changed on the screen,but when you go to the Palette controls,you'll see
that the palette from the image you selected is now loaded in. If you select
Freeze Palette and then load in a new picture,the image you load will be forced
into that palette. This is useful if you are working with a series of images
for an animation or presentation program,and you want all of the images to use
the same palette.

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PRINT
If you want to print your Transfer 24 screen image,use this menu item.

Call up the image you want to print. Then activate the print function. Make
sure you've set your Preferences on the Workbench disk to the correct printer.
If you want to cancel your printout,turn off the printer. After a brief wait,a
requester appears asking you to check the printer or the cabling. Click Cancel,
and you are returned to Transfer 24.

HISTOGRAM
This feature gives you information about the red,green,or blue information of
the image in Transfer 24. Move the cursor to the right of Histogram in the menu
when the submenu appears,and select either Red,Green,or Blue. In a moment two
graphs will appear,showing the raw data and the data as Transfer 24 has
adjusted it. The vertical axis is the number of pixels,the horizontal axis is
the brightness(left to right is darkest to lightest). The adjusted histogram
shows how the image is affected by your manipulation of the Color controls.
Click OK to return to the main screen.

ABOUT
This tells you the copyright information and the latest version number of your
Transfer 24 software. Click OK to return to the main screen.

QUIT
Pull down this menu item to exit Transfer 24 and return to the Workbench. If
you haven't saved the image on the screen,this image will be lost when you Quit
Transfer 24.

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CONTROLS

COLOR
Activating this menu item brings up the Color Control panel(see Figure 9.06).
This may also be done from the keyboard by pressing the right Amiga key and the
c key simultaneously. The Mode portion of the control panel determines how the
digitized image will appear. When you first bring up the control panel in lo-
res,4096+ is highlighted. The image will appear using all 4096 colors of the
Amiga's palette. This display mode is known as Hold-And-Modify(HAM).

The image can also be displayed in line art mode(2 color)black & white(labeled
B/W),32 colors or less(16 colors or less is the only option available in med-
res or hi-res;see the Palette menu),64 colors(labeled HalfBrite)or 4096,a good
way to display the image while you are getting the color settings just right;
this mode is faster than 4096+.

Just below the Mode panel is the Dither control,which only affects images
displayed in 64 colors or less. Dithering is the use of two colors mixed to
produce an apparent intermediate shade and helps to fill in intermediate
colors. A typical picture will contain thousands of subjective shades.

Setting the Dither to 1 or 2 instructs Transfer 24 to mix pixels of different
colors to produce other colors when viewed at a distance. Try viewing an image
with Dither on,and then turn Dither off and hit Display again. The difference
should be readily apparent.

There are really three ways to dither with Transfer 24-Dither 1,Dither 2,and
the Sharpness slider. Dithering can be used along with sharpness;the best
results come from a combination of the two. The Dither control gives a pebbly
texture to the image,while the Sharpness is grainier. The Dither 1 setting is
more subtle,while Dither 2 is very useful for reducing the number of colors in
image.

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The panel directly left of the Dither control has two buttons,Pos and Neg. The
Pos button creates a normal image from a negative. Activating the Neg button
and then choosing display will create a negative version of the image,inverting
all of the colors. This can be used to create a positive color image of a color
negative.

There are seven sliders on the panel that control Brightness,Contrast,
Saturation,Red,Green,Blue,and Sharpness. These sliders adjust your image for a
better picture of just for special effects. To move the sliders,move the
pointer onto one of the sliders and hold down the left mouse button. Drag the
slider to the position you want and release the button. You'll notice that the
number at the bottom of the slider changes from -47 to 48. You can record these
settings for future reference.

BRIGHTNESS
Like its namesake on a TV,this control increases or decreases the overall
illumination of the image. Moving the brightness control even a little has
marked effects on the image. At the maximum setting,the image is almost
completely white;at minimum,the image is almost completely black.

CONTRAST:
Again,this control is similar to the control on your TV set. Raising the
control makes white white,blacks blacker,and colors more intense. Lowering it
makes blacks and white more gray and colors washed out. This can sharpen or
decrease the distinctions between different areas on the screen. At maximum,
the image is "flattened" to few shades with almost no distinctions.

SATURATION
This works like the color control on a TV set. At minimum,the image is
converted to black and white. At maximum,the colors are abnormally intense and
cartoon-like. If the colors in the image don't seem vibrant enough,raise the
saturation control.

RED
When set high,this increases the amount of red in the image;when reduced,the
amount of red is diminished. At minimum,there is no red in the picture;at
maximum,the picture is entirely in shades or red.

GREEN
When set high,this increases the amount of green in the image;when reduced,the
amount of green is diminished. At minimum,there is no green in the picture;at
maximum,the picture is entirely in shades of green.

BLUE
When set high,this increases the amount of blue in the image;when reduced,the
amount of blue is diminished. At minimum,there is no blue in the picture;at
maximum,the picture is entirely in shades of blue.

SHARPNESS
Raising this control sharpens the image but increase the amount of "grain" or
"snow". Lowering the control reduces graininess but will increase the amount of

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"contouring" or "banding". A typical value for sharpness might be 3-5,which
will be particularly useful for making text appear sharper. At maximum,the
image is "snow";at minimum,the image is blurry and impressionistic.

DEFAULT
Clicking on this button returns all the control sliders to the neutral setting.

OK
This removes the control panel,but not re-display the picture at any new
settings.

PALETTE
This button takes you directly to the Palette controls.

DISPLAY
When you've adjusted the control panel to your liking,this control displays the
picture with the new settings.

PALETTE

This menu item activates the Palette control(see figure 9.07);the keyboard
equivalent is pressing the Amiga key and the p key simultaneously. The Palette
control has several main fuctions:to reduce the number of colors in an image,to
display an image in a particular palette,and to modify the palette colors.

To use the Palette controls,first click on the button that says 32 in the Color
controls,then click on the Palette button at the bottom of the Color controls.
This takes you to the Palette controls. The palette in the upper right-hand
corner shows the best 32 colors for displaying the image out of the 4096
possible. If you want to have less than a 32 color image,move the slider in the

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box labeled 32 colors. The number of colors change as you move the slider. You
also see a U-shaped outline move on the colored squares immediately above,
showing the last color in the range you've selected. If the Color control was
still set to 4096 or 4096+ colors,call up the color control and hit the 32
color button(which,has changed to reflect the new number of colors you're
asking for). Hit the Display button and exit the Palette control. The image
will now be displayed with the new number of colors.

Why would you want to have less than 32 colors? This can be quite useful if you
want to bring an IFf image into a paint program and have some colors left over
to alter the image. You may only want to use 28 colors in the image,thereby
reserving some colors for you to assign in the paint program. Fewer colors can
save space. A 320x200 16 color image can be 32K,while an 8 color image is
always 24K or less. This can be important when storing images in a database or
sending them over a phone line,or just to save disk space.

You can also alter the individual colors in the palette to create interesting
special effects. Point at the color you want to change and press the left mouse
button. The colored square is now highlighted. If you move one of the Red,Grn,
or Blu sliders to the right,you'll see the color change. When you've adjusted
the colors to your liking,click on the Freeze Palette button,and then hit
Display. The image will be redisplayed using the palette colors you've chosen.
If you turn off the Dither control in the Color Controls,you can get some very
interesting effects.

MAKE PALETTE/FREEZE PALETTE
Transfer 24 is usually set on Make New Palette which means it will try to
construct the best palette that it can for any picture you load,or after you
have adjusted any of the color control settings in your current picture. If you
do not want Transfer 24 to alter the palette then you must select Freeze
Palette. From that point on,it will always use the current palette no matter
what changes you make to the image. The correct way to load the original
palette associated with a picture is:Load the picture,select Freeze Palette and
then Load Palette.

COLOR 0 ON/OFF
When turned off,this control instructs Transfer 24 to make its palettes without
using Color 0. This is useful if you plan to use the picture with a genlock and
don't want "Color 0 Holes" to appear in the final output.

DISPLAY

This item is used whenever you have made any changes to the image and wish to
see the results. It has the exact same function as the Display buttons on the
Palette and Color Controls menus.

                105

APPENDIX A:
KEYBOARD COMMANDS AND TOOLBOX

TOOLS

KEY        COMMAND
a        Repeat
b        Scissors
c        Unfilled Circle
C        Filled Circle
d        Unfilled Continuous Freehand
D        Filled Continuous Freehand
e        Unfilled Ellipse
E        Filled Ellipse
f        Fill Off
F        Fill On
g        Coordinates/Mode toggle
m        Magnify mode toggle
r        Unfilled Rectangle
R        Filled Rectangle
s        Freehand tool
U        Undo
v        Unfilled Polygon
V        Filled Polygon
F1        Tool/Controls toggle
F2        Tool/Text Controls toggle
F3        Tool/Palette toggle
F4        Undo
F5        Repeat
-        Smaller brush size
+        Larger brush size
\        Brush shape toggle
.        One-pixel brush

MENU COMMANDS

KEY        COMMAND
B        Restore Brush
H        Copy picture to Swap screen
N        Copy Brush to Swap
t        NoBackground off

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T        NoBackground on
i        Font Requester
j        Swap screens
J        Exchange custom brushes
K        Clear screen to color 0,set current color to color 1
l        Load Picture Requester
L        Load Brush Requester
p        Save Picture Requester
P        Save Brush Requester
x        Flip brush horizontally
y        Flip brush vertically
z        Rotate brush 90 degrees clockwise
Z        Rotate brush 90 degrees counterclockwise

DRAWING MODES

KEY        COMMAND
'or~        Normal mode
1        Range mode
2        Lighten mode
3        Darken mode
4        Colorize mode
5        RubThru mode
6        Blur mode
7        TxMap mode
8        And mode
9        Or mode
0        Xor mode

CONTROLS

KEY        COMMAND
n        center hotspot in Warping Locator and Hotspot Locator
F6        100% Hotspot,100% Edge
F7        50% Hotspot,50% Edge
F8        20% Hotspot,20 Edge
F9        100% Hotspot,0% Edge
F10        Hotspot Direction toggle(off,horizontal,vertical,both)
/        Texture Map Smoothing Off

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?        Texture Map Smoothing On
!        Dithering Off
@        Pattern Dither
#        Random Dither

PALETTE

KEY        COMMAND
,or<        Pick Color

TEXT

KEY        COMMAND
$        Text Smoothing toggle
%        Bold toggle
^        Italics toggle
&        Underline toggle

MISCELLANEOUS

KEY        COMMAND
I        Interlace mode toggle
o        Overscan mode 352 toggle
O        Overscan mode 384 toggle
S        Save picture under current name and location
w        Whole screen operation
*        Both views(3D off)
(        Left view(even lines for 3D)
)        Right view(odd lines for 3D)
Esc        Toolbox open/close toggle;close magnify window
Return        Activate string gadgets to enter strings;OK on requesters.
Cursor        Scroll picture;scroll magnify window
Space        Stops operation in progress. at that point
Tab        Default program settings(transparency off,hotspot centered,
        Normal mode.
Left mouse click  CANCELS operation

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APPENDIX B:HAM MODE AND DIGI-PAINT 3

The Hold-And-Modify(HAM)display mode on the Amiga uses six bit planes to
display images. This means that each pixel(picture element-one dot on the
screen)uses 6 bits to determine its color. If the most significant or leftmost
2 bits are "00",the remaining 4 bits(giving a value of 0 to 15 in binary)are
used to look up the pixel's color in the color table. This gives you 16 values
from the possible 4096 colors available,which is why Digi-Paint 3 has 16 colors
in the Color Palette. Each color has 4 bits worth of red,green,and blue
information;thus,each color has a Red value from 0 to 15,a Green value from 0
to 15,and a Blue value from 0 to 15.

If the most significant two bits of a given pixel are 01,the pixel has the same
color as the pixel to its immediate left,except that the last four bits can be
used to replace the blue value of that pixel. If the most significant two bits
are "10","11",the last four bits replace the green value.

The effect of all this is that you can display all 4096 colors on the screen at
once,though you can't go from black(red 0,green 0,blue 0)to white(red 15,green
15,blue 15)in one pixel;it takes three pixels to make that transition,since you
can only modify one of the RGB values for each pixel. The transition would take
four pixels on the screen. The first pixel is RGB 0-0-0;the second pixel is RGB
15-0-0;the third pixel is RGB 15-15-0;the fourth pixel is RGB 15-15-15(white).
HOWEVER,the ability of Digi-Paint 3 to use the 16 Color Palette means that for
16 of the colors you choose,that color can be immediately substituted anywhere
on the screen without the transition just described. This technique is what
gives Digi-View Gold its exceptionally sharp HAM images,and this feature also
makes Digi-Paint 3 a very powerful tool.

                113

APPENDIX C:DIGI-PAINT 3 AND AREXX

AREXX COMPATIBILITY
Digi-Paint 3 is ARexx compatible. ARexx is a standard for interprocess
communications on the Amiga,and Digi-Paint 3 can communicate with ARexx. This
is important for the power user who likes to program;with this capability you
can control Digi-Paint 3 completely from other programs you write. This
capability can be used to write self-running paint demonstrations.

Please note that Digi-Paint 3 acts only as an ARexx "server". Other
applications and ARexx programs can control Digi-Paint 3. Digi-Paint 3,however,
does not implement "macros" or any other function that depends upon ARexx.

A drawer labeled heystuff is on the Digi-Paint 3 disk. This drawer contains two
small programs that send messages to Digi-Paint 3:hey and heyline. An example
of how to use these programs is given in that drawer. If you have a copy of
ARexx,you can use that program to write more sophisticated commands for Digi-
Paint 3 to follow.

This capability could be used for such things as a digitizer or rendering
interface,a way to generate quick color-filled backgrounds,or an an
algorithmically precise pattern or painting generator.

BACKGROUND
In the early days of the Amiga,the ROM KERNEL manuals were issued. These books
provided a "never before seen" amount of detailed information. Information
about a brand new and very technologically advanced computer-The Amiga.

One of the most unusual differences,between the Amiga and other computers in
its price class,is the fact and nature of its multitasking ability. The Amiga
was the first "home" computer to be delivered with a multitasking operating
system. It is still the only one that multitasks BY DESIGN.

One of the ways to take advantage of this multitasking is to write 'script
programs' that either a)run various programs together in order to combine
features of each,or b)programmatically control a user's interaction with the
system.

In the same pioneering spirit of the Amiga,Digi-Paint 3 was designed to take
advantage of the machine's multitasking,interprocess communication and built-in
Intuition library. In this same spirit(and for the "advanced user" or
programmer)we provide the following information regarding the backend-interface
of Digi-Paint 3.

ANY PORT IN A STORM("diving in",in a technical way...)
Digi-Paint 3 handles most of its user interaction through a single,named
message port. The 'name' of the port is the filename of the program Digi-Paint
3. If Digi-Paint 3 is renamed,the port used will have the new name. All user
menu and gadget selections can be performed by 'sending a message' to
Digi-Paint 3's port.

                115

These messages consist primarily of 'action codes'(a list is provided in the
following pages). Note that there are more messages than there are gadgets and
menu selections. Also note that these 'action codes' are what is contained in
the DigiPaint.KEYS(keyboard shortcut)file.

Again,the portname Digi-Paint 3 uses is the "program-name" it was run as(by
AmigaDOS). Therefore,if Digi-Paint 3 is run from a picture's icon,and the
icon's default tool is ":hp",then the port name used will be "hp". Multiple
copies of Digi-Paint 3 may be run at the same time. The port name can be used
to resolve which running copy of Digi-Paint 3 will receive a particular
message.

A visual indication of the portname is provided on the bottom line of the "menu
screen display". To see this:activate Digi-Paint 3,press and hold the right
(menu)button and examine the bottom line of the "tool window". The portname is
the very first thing on the bottom line of the menu screen.

WHAT IS IT?
The script capability of Digi-Paint 3 allows complete control over the
program's operation by using a 'script' file instead of the 'normal' mouse
interface. A script file is a simple text file that can be created with any
text editor on the Amiga.

WHAT CAN IT DO?
Script commands are available to duplicate the entire user interface:everything
Digi-Paint 3 does can be done with a script. Another feature is available to
the "remote/script" user:the scan-line interface. The scan-line interface is
used to deliver a line of pixels to Digi-Paint 3 at "30 bits per pixel"
resolution. That is,Digi-Paint 3 will dither 10 bits per color(r,g,b)per pixel,
using the selected(matrix/random/none)dither type and plot the result on its
"work screen". This can be used to generate patterned backgrounds,as a general
purpose renderer(rgb->ham conversion),and as a digitizer interface.

CONCEPT:FOREGROUND/BACKGROUND
Digi-Paint 3's "frontbox" and "backbox"(move screen to front/back)gadgets not
only rearrange screens,they also implement a foreground/background paradigm.
When running in "background",Digi-Paint 3 dispenses with 'real time brush
display' and therefore runs faster. Also,Digi-Paint 3 will not insist upon
being the 'frontmost' screen when running in background.

CONCEPT:ACTION CODES
When communicating with Digi-Paint 3 through the 'remote' interface,each
message sent to Digi-Paint 3 contains an 'action code'. Action codes are 4
character(1st one capitalized,other 3 lower case)'commands' to Digi-Paint 3.
There exists an action code for every:

                116

    menu item
    gadget
    mouse button/move "event"

These SAME action codes are used in the Digi-Paint.KEYS keyboard shortcut file.
Each line in the ".keys" file contains a "raw" keycode and the action code
that's supposed to happen when the particular key(or key combination)is
pressed.

CONCEPT:AMIGA/PORT TECHNICAL
Digi-Paint 3 uses a single port for all inter-task communication. This port is
used for the 'normal' Intuition(mouse/gadget/menu)interface. This "exec message
port" can also be used by both ARexx and AmigaDOS users.(ARexx is a trademark
of Wm. S. Hawes.)

To communicate with Digi-Paint 3,its 'port name' must be known.
This name is displayed on the bottom line of the menu screen.
(A programmer can scan the "exec port list" to locate the port.)
Actually,the port name is the same name as the Digi-Paint 3 program file. If
you rename Digi-Paint 3 to "xyz" then the port name will be "xyz".

CONCEPT:SENDING MESSAGES
The way that action codes are communicated to Digi-Paint 3 is by send a message
(containing the action code)to Digi-Paint 3's port. Two systems can be used to
send these messages:eith ARexx(a full-scale script language)or AmigaDOS. As an
extension to the DOS method,Digi-Paint 3 can also be controlled from AmigaBASIC
or any language that supports message passing.

A program named hey is supplied with Digi-Paint 3. It is a CLI type program
whose functionis to send a message to a named port. The command line format is:

    1>hey portname message
    ex:1>hey Digi-Paint 3 Undo

This example will cause Digi-Paint 3 to perform an "undo" operation. Again,
please note that ALL functions are available in this manner,including loading
and saving of files.

AMIGADOS/BASIC
AmigaBASIC can communicate with Digi-Paint 3 by using the hey program. The only
extra "glue" code needed are statements setting up access to the DOS function
execute. This means using the DOS.bmap file. It also means the AmigaBASIC must
be started from the CLI(in order for execute to work properly).

                117

AREXX
The complete script capability is available to ARexx users. With ARexx,the user
gains a complete language with many type of control structure support(not
possible with simple AmigaDOS command files). ARexx users should note,however,
that Digi-Paint 3 does not take kindly to 'decimal points'. All numbers sent to
Digi-Paint 3 should be 'integers without a decimal point'. All the same
commands apply the same as for AmigaDOS scipt users.

Digi-Paint 3 acts as a 'server' with regards to ARexx. DigiPaint will not issue
calls to ARexx,since it doesn't have a "macro" capability. Therefore all ARexx
applications need to be run from 'outside' Digi-Paint 3(e.g. from a CLI). The
ARexx program should include the statement "address Digi-Paint 3"(assuming that
"Digi-Paint 3" is the port name).

COMMAND SUMMARY
In general,there are 4 groupings of action codes:mouse,menu,gadget,and 'other'
codes that have no direct 'normal intuition interface' counterpart:

Mouse action codes are:
    Move x y
    Pend x y(pen down)
    Penu (pen up)

These work exactly as if the mouse(normal)pointer initiated the action.

Some of the more common gadget action codes are:
Undo    performs an undo operation
Scis    goes into scissors/cut-out-a-brush mode(Pend,Move and Penu action codes
    actually do the cut)
Redo    does a 'repeat' or 'again'-type operation
Prgb r g b    sets the paint color
Drre    "draw rectangles" mode
Drci    "draw circles" mode
Dotb    "dotty(vs. smooth)brush" mode

ACTION CODE LIST
Move x y    moves the "drawing pen"
Pend x y    starts drawing,saves an "undo"
Penu        complete drawing,does "repaint"
Prgb r g b    sets paint color to r,g,b values

                118

Clbx        close box,hides tool window,kills magnify,etc.
Babx        screen-to-back(background)
Frbx        screen-to-front(foreground)

Ksrt        right arrow key equiv.,scrolls picture
Kslt        left arrow/scroll
Ksup        up arrow/scroll
Ksdn        down arrow/scroll

Undo        undo operation
Redo        again/repeat/repaint
Whsc        whole screen,as if brush stroke covered entire screen
Scis        scissor/cut mode toggle
Magn        Magnify enable
Endm        ends magnify mode
Ccto        "copy color to" menu selection(follow with Cbx? code)
Pale        palette tools visible
Ctrl        control sliders visible
Txbt         text tools visible
Pick        pick mode toggle
Dith        matrix dither on/off
Rdit        random dither on/off

Bsmo        smooth-connected brushes
Doty        "dotty"-not connected brushes
Drln        line mode
Drre        rectangle mode
Drci        circle mode
Drar        ellipse mode
Floo        flood fill on/off
Flon        flood on
Flof        flood off

Dotb        single dot brush
Brt2        horizontal line brush
Brt3        vertical line brush
Brt4        left to right,topdown slant
Brt5        left to right,bottomup slant
Brt6        small squares

                119

Brt7        small circles

Bsz1..Bsz7    standard brush select,sizes 1 to 7

Tbbo        text-bold
Tbit        text-italic
Tbun        text-underline

Clrs        clear screen

Rubt        rub through paint mode
Czer        color zero(genlock function)

Aali        anti-alias toggle
Aaon        anti-alias on
Aaof        anti-alias off
Tran        transparent brush color

Hvof        2way blend off
Hvar        2way h/v glend toggle
Harr        1way horizontal blend toggle
Varr        1way vertical blend toggle

Shva        toggle button,2way stretching
Shar        1way horizontal stretching
Svar        1way vertical stretching

Cbx0        color 0(palette color select)
Cbx1-Cbx9    colors 1-9 select
CbxA-        colors 10-15 select
CbxF
CbxG        front color of range
CbxH        back color of range
CbxI        current color(deselects range color)

Swap        Swap screens
Cpic        copy picture to swap screen
Dswa        delete swap screen
Mswa        merge swap screen with 'front' picture

                120

Load        picture load requester
Save        picture save requester
prin        print requester
Quit        (immediate quit-no save)
Clsc        close screen
Opsc        open screen
Csiz        sizing requester
Pund        palette-undo
Rema        palette remap
Lobr        load brush
Sabr        save brush
Font        font load requester
Flix        brush flip x/horizontal
Fliy        brush flip y/vertical
Rotm        brush rotate minus 90 degrees
Rotp        brush rotate(plus)90 degrees

Pmcl        paint mode clear/normal
Pmdn        paint mode-darken
Pmln        paint mode lighten
Pmso        solid range paint mode
Pmco        paint mode colorize
Pman        paint mode "and"
Pmor        paint mode or
Pmxo        paint mode xor
Sizi        Sizing/txmap/warp mode
Blur        blur mode

Clwb        close workbench
Opwb        open workbench

Okls        ok to load/save

Fnam        filename string ex:"FnamAFILENAME"
Dnam        directory name string

Dlva        deliver a line of(alpha/ascii)rgbs to Digi-Paint 3 format is
        #rgbs,line#,#(r,g,b)where"#(r,b,g)"is separate 10bit color
        values
Dlvb        delive a line of(binary)rgbs to DigiPaint format is same as
        "Dlva" but all values are 16bit words

                121

Aoff        all modes off
Prgb r g b    paint color
Trbg r g b    transparent color
Dflt        (re)load default files,picture,keyboard shortcuts
Vwpg        view page overscan
Vwps        view page severe overscan

Pot0#        center blend pot(# is 16bit,from 0-$fff)
Pot1#        edge blend pot
Pot5#        warp amount
Poth#        blend,horizontal center(2way gadget)
Potv#        blend,vertical center
Spoh#        stretch horizontal position
Spov#        stretch vertical position

Nnar        picture size 32 narrower
Nwid        32 wider
Nsho        shorter 40 lines
Ntal        taller 40 lines
Nlsh        2 lines shorter
Nlta        2 lines taller
Nioo        interlace on/off
Nion        interlace off
Ndflt        restore/default size
Nsca        new size-cancel
Nsok        new size-ok(changes size)

Txup        tile x,increment
Txdn        tile x,decrement
Tyup        tile y,increment
Tydn        tile y,decrement

Maxc        max,mid,min setting for center blend
Midc
Minc
Maxe        max,mid,min setting for edge blend
Mide
Mine

                122

Maxw        max,mid,min warp amount
Midw
Minw

Coor        coordinates display toggle
Coon        coordinates on
Coof        coordinates off

Xlef        x-specs,left eye paint
Xrig        x-specs,right eye paint
Xbot        x-specs,simply turn on "glasses",no paint effect
Xoff        disable x-specs

Bswa        swap brush
Bcop         copy brush
Bdel        delete brush

Pfil        use palette from file
Pcur        use current palette
Ptog        palette from file/current toggle
Sron        shrink hires on
Srof        shrink hires off
Sroo        shrink hires toggle on/off
Oklo        ok,continue load(after palette select)

Pemo        print "more" copies(incrementor)
Pcfe        print "fewer"copies
Pcok        print-ok start printing
Pcca        print-cancel print request

                123

APPENDIX D:TECHNICAL SUPPORT

For technical support on Digi-Paint 3 and other NewTek products you may call or
write to:

NewTek Technical Support
115 West Crane Street
Topeka,KS 66603
Phone:[phone]

The Tech Support phone lines are staffed from 9:00a.m. to 5:00p.m. Central time
Monday through Friday.

NewTek also handles Technical Support through its BIX conferences and we
welcome Digi-Paint 3 programmer Jamie Purdon to the BIX support group. For
continuing support and application ideas,we encourage Digi-Paint 3 and ARexx
users to join the NewTek DigiPaint conference on the BIX(Byte Information
Exchange)network. At the BIK command prompt,simply type "j newtek digipaint".

                125

COOL FRIENDS OF NEWTEK CLUB

Have you ever dreamed of owning a desktop fusion reactor? Have you considered
producing your own movie? Are you troubled by such mysteries as why that fifth
dentist doesn't recommend sugarless gum for his patients who chew gum? If you
can answer yes to any of these questions then you may be eligible for The Cool
Friends of NewTek Club,where scientific inquiry isn't just a good idea,its the
law. As a member you will receive NewTek Demo Reels,NewTek Lifestyle Kits,
information on new products and other essential items. To join,write to:

NewTek Incorporated
CFONC Application
115 West Crane Street
Topeka,KS 66603

or call(913)354-1146. Be seeing you.....

    PAGES THAT SEEM TO BE MISSING WERE BLANK NOTEPAGES IN THE DOCS.